Newton's Laws
This law states that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion, unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
What is Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia)
This quantity is calculated as distance divided by time
speed
When forces acting on an object are equal in size and opposite in direction, they are called this.
What are balanced forces?
A push or a pull on an object is called this.
What is a force?
When two objects collide, this law explains why both objects experience a force, even if only one was moving.
What is Newton's Third Law?
This term describes an object's resistance to a change in its motion.
What is inertia?
Unlike speed, this quantity includes direction.
What is velocity
This is what happens to an object's motion when the forces acting on it are balanced.
What is no change in motion (it stays at rest or keeps moving at constant velocity)?
What term describes what we use to determine whether an object is moving.
Clue: This is the object or location you compare something to in order to determine if it is moving.
Frame of Reference
This quantity depends on both an object's mass and its velocity, and helps explain the outcome of a collision
What is momentum?
Newton's Second Law is summarized by this equation.
Force = mass x acceleration (F = ma)
This is the term for any change in an object's velocity over time (speeding up, slowing down, or turning)
What is acceleration?
This type of force always results in a change in an object's motion.
What is an unbalanced force?
This term describes the amount of matter in an object, which affects how much force is needed to move it.
What is mass?
If a moving car crashes into a wall and stops suddenly, the passengers continue moving forward due to this property
What is inertia?
According to Newton's Third Law, if you push on a wall, the wall does this to you.
push back with an equal and opposite force
If a car travels 150 miles in 3 hours, what is its average speed.
What is 50 miles per hour?
This force pulls objects toward the center of the Earth.
What is gravity?
When an object's position changes over time relative to a reference point, it is said to be in this state.
What is motion?
A ball rolling across grass slows down faster than one rolling across ice mainly because of this
What is friction (more friction on grass)?
A heavier shopping cart requires more force to start moving than a lighter one — this demonstrates what law
Newton's Second Law (force depends on mass)
A car traveling at a constant 60 mph, then turning onto a different road while keeping the same speed, has changed this quantity even though its speed stayed the same.
What is velocity (because direction changed)?
This force opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching
What is friction?
A fixed point or object used to tell whether something else is moving is called this
What is a reference point (frame of reference)?
Two skaters push off from each other on ice. Explain why they both move backward, using a Newton's Law
What is Newton's Third Law — each skater exerts an equal and opposite force on the other, so both accelerate away?