Vocabulary 1
Hot liquid below the surface of the Earth
What is magma?
A small part that is meant to show what the whole is like
What is a sample?
Small pieces of rock
What is sediment?
What type of rock will create magma and sediment?
ANY ROCK!
Luís is a rock collector. He thinks that the material from his favorite sedimentary rock in his collection might have been part of an igneous rock formation under Earth’s outer layer millions of years ago. Could Luís be correct?
A. Yes, energy from Earth’s interior can cause igneous rock to break into small rock pieces that form sedimentary rock.
B. Yes, if igneous rock is moved to Earth’s surface and exposed to energy from the sun, it could weather into small rock pieces that could form sedimentary rock.
C. No, sedimentary rock can only form out of material from other sedimentary rock. There is no way that sedimentary rock can form from material in igneous rock.
D. No, sedimentary rock forms at Earth’s surface because energy from the sun causes rock to weather, but igneous rock under Earth’s outer layer is not exposed to energy from the sun.
The ability to make things move or change
What is energy?
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is matter?
The rock type formed when sediment is glued and pressed together
What is sedimentary rock?
What causes both subduction and uplift to occur?
Plate Motion
At which plate boundary, does one plate go underneath the other and sink into the mantle?
Convergent Plate Boundary
The process of sediment being glued together
What is cementation?
the process of sediment being buried and pressed together
What is compaction?
The rock type formed when magma cool and becomes solid
What is igneous rock?
Compaction and Cementation
What energy is required to melt rock into magma?
Earth's interior
The movement of sediment from one place to another, often caused by wind or flowing water.
What is erosion?
The process of rock breaking down into smaller pieces due to wind or moving water.
The rock type formed when heat or pressure deep underground existing rock
What is metamorphic rock?
Stonemasons work with rock, cutting it into shapes to use for building. One stonemason was unloading a new delivery of rocks and noticed that the delivery contained two different types of rock.
How could energy have played a role in the different rock types forming?
A.Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.
B. Energy changes rock in different ways, depending on the starting rock type. Energy changes igneous rock into liquid rock and changes sedimentary rock into small pieces of rock.
C. Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.
D. Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small rock pieces when exposed to energy.
A
What energy is required to weather rocks into sediments?
The sun
The process by which rock materials move under Earth's outer layer and into the mantle due to plate motion
What is subduction?
The process by which all the rock formations of a region are pushed up due to plate motion.
What is uplift?
What type of rock will create sediment?
ANY ROCK!
In Wyoming, the first national monument can be found and it is made up of igneous rock and is surrounded by sedimentary rock. What is the name of this national monument?
Sandra takes a class field trip to a geology museum. She sees an interesting sample of igneous rock. She wonders if the material in this rock sample could have come from a sedimentary rock formation at Earth’s surface millions of years ago. Is this possible? Can sedimentary rock change into igneous rock?
A. Yes, if sedimentary rock is exposed to energy from the sun at Earth’s surface for a long enough time, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.
B.Yes, if the sedimentary rock is moved below Earth’s outer layer and exposed to energy from Earth’s interior, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.
C. No, igneous rock forms under Earth’s outer layer due to energy from Earth’s interior, but sedimentary rock is only at Earth’s surface.
D. No, igneous rock can only form out of other igneous rock. Sedimentary rock cannot change into igneous rock.
B