Vocabulary
An instruction for making a protein molecule
gene
The ____ of a protein molecule depends on its structure and how it interacts with other protein molecules
What is function?
A spider is heterozygous for silk flexibility. This is how many different silk flexibility proteins it has in its cells.
What is two?
The part of the cell that creates proteins
What are ribosomes?
True or false: Most organisms inherit more copies of a gene from one parent than the other.
Why?
False. Organisms inherit one copy from mom and one copy from dad
A type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms
Protein
This is how many copies you have for each gene
What is two?
A spider is homozygous for silk flexibility. This is how many different silk flexibility proteins it has in its cells.
What is one?
A long piece of DNA that contains many genes
What is a chromosome?
True or false: The proteins in your cells are determined by what proteins you eat in your environment.
Why?
False. Your proteins are determined by your genes
The process in which two parents pass on their genes to create offspring
sexual reproduction
This determines an organisms specific protein because it is a unique instruction
What is gene version?
Two spiders have different parents, but they have the same silk flexibility trait. How is this possible?
What is they must have the same silk flexibility proteins/genes
The part of the cell where genes are found.
What is the nucleus?
True or false: Two organisms with the same proteins for a trait will always have the same trait because the proteins connect the same way, even if the organisms have different parents.
Why?
True! Proteins determine an organisms traits more than anything else
A specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein molecule.
gene version
Offspring receive this amount of genes from EACH parent.
What is one?
Both parents are heterozygous for silk flexibility (F1F2). What are the possible gene combinations for their offspring?
F1F1, F1F2, F2F2
Another name for gene version
What is allele?
True or false: Even if two organisms have the same proteins for a trait, if they are raised in different environments then that trait will be different for both organisms.
Why?
False. An organism's proteins determine its traits much more than the environment it's raised in.
A change that occurs to an organisms genes
Mutation
This is why siblings and parents differ from each other.
What is offspring inherit different combinations of gene versions from parents
Two spider parents with medium silk flexibility have offspring. One of their offspring has very flexible silk, and one has low flexibility silk. How did the offspring end up with traits that are different from the traits of their parents?
What is they inherited different combinations of genes?
An organism produced through sexual reproduction
What is an offspring?
True or false: Genes connect to each other to control traits.
Why?
False. Genes are instructions for proteins, and proteins connect to each other to control traits.