Introduction to Arb
an arborist that cares for publicly owned tree is a ______arborist
Municipal
What is the name of the tissue that creates new xylem and phloem?
Vascular cambium
The movement of water through a membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration is called:
osmosis
What type of disorder is the cause of most tree problems?
abiotic or environmental factors
list the 3 corners of the disease triangle
host, pathogen, environment
complete the following:" tree selection starts with the right plant for the ….."
right place
What is one purpose of the heartwood in a tree?
structural support, defense
What is the name of the growth from latent/suppressed buds (internodal) triggered by injury or increased light?
Epicormic shoots
What is the difference between a sign and a symptom
sign= direct evidence of a pest or disease
symptom= the visual response of the tree to the pest or disease
The term that has been used to describe a series of interrelated events leading to the gradual decline and death of trees is
Mortality/Decline cycle
Name 3 benefits that trees provide
shade, stormwater management, trap pollutants, beautify neighborhoods, increase property values,
What type of xylem cells do gymnosperms have?
Tracheids
Name 3 factors that increase transpiration
wind, moist soil, high temperatures, light, low humidity
what is the name for a root growing across another causing stress on the tree?
Girdling root
List 3 processes that trees need to allocate their resources towards
Maintenance, growth, storage, defense
complete the following: "tree care is a long term, _____ intensity process"
low
Trees with a round headed and spreading growth form with no central leader have a/an ______________ growth form
Decurrent
How wide does the root system of most trees extend compared to the canopy?
2 to 3 times
Name 3 signs of pests or disease
conks, fruiting bodies, shed skins, honeydew
Name 3 plant defenses
trichomes, tannins, phenols, waxy cuticle, leaf toughness
Tree health and tree ______ are not equivalent
Hazard
Where do most of the roots on a tree grow (i.e. how deep)?
most in top 18"
What is the term for the terminal bud suppressing the growth of the lateral buds over the life of the tree?
Apical control
Name 2 patterns that indicate an abiotic disorder
uniform damage, not spreading , many different species impacted
What is the highest level of pest habitation or damage that would be acceptable to most people in an affected area?
Aesthetic Threshold