Acts that Made or Broke Us
This 1968 U.S. law provided federal funding to support bilingual education programs for language minority students.
This type of bilingual education helps students maintain their first language while also learning a second language.
What is additive bilingual education?
This term refers to the ability to use two languages.
What is bilingualism?
This 1968 U.S. law provided federal funding to support bilingual education programs for language minority students.
What is the Bilingual Education Act?
This type of bilingual education replaces a student’s first language with the dominant language.
What is subtractive bilingual education?
This type of bilingual student learns a second language by choice, often in school.
What is an elective bilingual?
This 1974 Supreme Court case ruled that schools must provide support for students who do not speak English so they can access education equally.
What is Lau v. Nichols?
This program teaches students in two languages with the goal of bilingualism and biliteracy for all students.
What is dual language education?
This type of bilingual student must learn another language to survive or function in society.
What is a circumstantial bilingual?
This law required schools to take “appropriate action” to overcome language barriers that prevent students from participating fully in education programs.
What is the Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974?
This program helps students transition from their home language to the majority language over time.
What is transitional bilingual education?
This concept suggests bilingual students should be viewed as a complete linguistic system rather than two separate monolinguals.
What is the holistic view of bilingualism?
This controversial California proposition (1998) greatly limited bilingual education programs and promoted English-only instruction.
What is Proposition 227?
In this model, students are taught academic subjects entirely in a second language to develop bilingual skills.
What is an immersion program?
This term describes when bilingual students use different languages for different contexts, people, or purposes.
➡️ What is functional bilingualism?