Pathophysiology
What is anaphylaxis
A severe allergic reaction
This type of reaction occurs as an exclusive incident, and symptoms arise 30 minutes after exposure
uniphasic
What question might you ask your patient in an attempt to prevent an anaphylactic reaction?
Do you have any allergies?
What action does epinephrine have on the bronchial smooth muscle?
bronchodilation
This molecule induces the production of antibodies
Antigen
This type of reaction is followed by subsequent symptoms up to 8 hours later, and the patient should be treated in the ER
biphasic
Monitoring a patient during anaphylaxis involves continual assessment of these 5 things...
Respiratory rate and pattern, lung sounds, O2 sat, pulse rate/rhythm, and blood pressure
What is the first line of treatment for anaphylaxis?
epinephrine
This protein is produced in response to an antigen
antibody
This type of reaction can last up to 32 hours and can lead to cardiogenic shock, septic shock, and respiratory distress
protracted
In the community and home health care setting, what medication must a nurse be prepared to administer in the event of anaphylaxis?
epinephrine
When should epinephrine be administered?
as soon as anaphylaxis is recognized
This specific type of antibody is produced in response to an allergen
IgE
Nasal congestion, pruritus, tearing of the eyes, sneezing, and periorbital swelling are examples of what type of reaction?
mild systemic reaction
how should you position your patient who is having an anaphylactic reaction and has just received epinephrine?
supine with legs elevated
What two types medications are the second line of treatment for anaphylaxis?
antihistamines and beta adrenergic agonists
This type of cell produces histamine during an allergic reaction
mast cell
Bronchospasm, severe dyspnea, hypotension, vomiting, diarrhea, and cardiac arrest are examples of what type of reaction?
Severe systemic reaction
An allergy to this specific antibiotic is the most common cause of anaphylaxis
penicllin
what does albuterol prevent/relieve that epinephrine does not?
mucosal edema