Tests
Tests used for categorical data.
What are Chi-Squared Tests?
"Given that ___, what is the probability of ____"
What is a Conditional Probability?
A pharmaceutical company is trying to test the effectiveness of an allergy medication. They randomly assign 20 subjects into either a placebo group or a group receiving the medication.
(Is this an experiment or an observational study?)
What is an experiment?
Interval used for Means.
What is a T-Interval?
Describe the shape of the distribution.
What is Bimodal with a gap?
Data represented numerically.
What is quantitative data?
If events A and B are independent, then the probability of both occuring is?
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
A study that uses data collected from an existing record.
What is a retrospective study?
The critical value for a 99.7% confidence interval.
What is 3?
invNorm(1.997/2)
Residual plot of a good linear model.
What is a residual plot that is randomly scattered showing no association?
Reject the Ho when the Ho is actually true.
What is a Type I error?
Two or more events that can't happen at the same time.
What is mutually exclusive?
The purpose of using blocking in an experiment?
Blocking reduces variance.
Conclusion for a confidence interval.
We are [x]% confident that the true [parameter] of [context] is between [a] and [b].
Name the Test.
Random Sample Stated.
NP and NQ condition.
< 10% of population.
What is 1prop-ZTest?
"There is a __% chance that we would have gotten results like we did if we assume the null hypothesis of a ___% chance of ___ were true"
What is the meaning of a p-value in context?
"The mean score for a round of golf by Tiger Woods during the 1999 and 2000 seasons was 68.04 with a standard deviation of 2.4. Assuming that his scores remain independent and normally distributed, what is the probability that he will shoot two consecutive scores of 66 or less in his future?"
What is 0.04?
normalcdf(-1E99, 66, 68.04, 2.4)= ans²
Causation vs correlation
Causation: one event is the result of occurrence of another (by an experiment)
Correlation: does not prove one event is caused by another
“If we were to take repeated samples, constructing confidence intervals, 90% of the time we would capture the true proportion of ___.”
What is the meaning of a 90% confidence interval in context?
Collection of all outcomes.
What is the sample space?
In a study of 47 subjects, a matched-paired T-test was used to assess the significance of the average weight loss (right-tailed). The paper reporting the study gave the t-test statistic of 3.68.
Calculate the p-value
What is tcdf(3.68, 1E99, 46) = 0.0003
A regular deck of cards has 52 cards. Assuming that you do not replace the card you had drawn before the next draw, what is the probability of drawing three aces in a row?
P=(4/52)*(3/51)*(2/50)=(1/5525)
Randomly select groups and include all units within each group.
What type of experimental design?
What is a cluster sample?
What makes the margin of error smaller?
What is larger n, smaller critical value, and sample with a smaller standard deviation?
An effect in which a trend or relationship that is observed within multiple groups disappears or reverses when the groups are combined (can’t average averages).
What is Simpson's Paradox?