Osteology
Support (Posture/gait), Locomotion (Lever), Protection, Mineral homeostasis, and Hematopoiesis.
What are the functions of the "skeleton"?
A broad, flat tendon sheet-like union.
What is an "aponeurosis"?
The 1st vertebrae is known as this, while the 2nd vertebrae is known as the other.
What is the "atlas", and what is the "axis"?
2 pairs of thoracic, 2 pairs of abdominal, and 1 pair of inguinal (8 - 12 total)
How many mammae are in the dog?
Sites for bone marrow biopsy in large breeds
Illiac crest
Ribs
Sternebrae
The head, vertebral column, sternum, ribs, and hyoid apparatus.
What are examples "axial" limbs?
Sacroiliac, hip, stifle, tarsal (hock), fetlock, and digital
What are the joints of the "pelvic limb"?
Articulation through muscles (i.e. girdle muscles). Also known as conventional joint.
What is "synsarcosis"?
What are the sites of "venipuncture"?
List the muscles acting on the hip joint
Iliopsoas
Gracilis
Adductor
Internal obturator
Semimebranosus
Semitendinous
The caudal, cranial, & dorsal borders, the spine, the acromion, and the supraglenoid tubercle.
What are the "palpable" structures of the scapula?
Locomotion (movement), Movement, Stimulation, Prevent unwanted movements, Posture, Respiration, Circulation, Alimentation, Child birth, Indication of emotional states, Generate heat by shivering, and Control of body openings & passages (maintain continence)
What are the functions of "skeletal muscle"?
Medial patella luxation often seen in these breeds, while lateral patella luxation often seen in these breeds.
What are "small breeds", and what are "large breeds"?
Slings the body between the forelimb (i.e. serratus ventralis & deep pectorals).
What is are the functions of the "extrinsic muscles"?
Muscles of the gluteal group and their function
Superficial gluteal-extensor of hip
Middle gluteal-Powerful extensor of hip, major player.
Deep gluteal- Can't extend hip, abduction of limb.
Bones that are differentiated directly into fibrous connective tissue (i.e. skull / face).
What are "intramembranous" bones?
Muscles such as these can be found in the pharynx, esophagus, and skin. An example of this is the "cutaneous trunci".
What are examples of "skeletal muscle" not attached to a bone?
They have no joint space, bones united through dense connective tissue, types include: sutures, gomphosis, and syndesmoses.
What is a "fibrous joint"?
What are the muscles that do not belong to the synsarcosis, intrinsic, or extrinsic groups?
Borders of the femoral triangle and its importance
Borders: Pectineus (Caudal) Sartorius (cranial) Iliopsoas (craniodorsal).
Is the first choice for evaluation of the circulation. Femoral vein is a convenient for I/V injections. Must be cautious there are many nerve endings here.
Long bones (humerus & femur), short bones (carpal & tarsal), flat bones (scapula & skull), irregular bones (vertebrae), and sesamoid bones (patella)
What are the "shape" classifications of bones with examples?
The biceps brachii muscle, extrinsic muscles, and all synsarcosis muscles are examples.
What are examples of "fixator" type muscles?
These ligaments are torn during hyperextension, while these ligaments are torn during hyperflexion.
What are "cranial cruciate ligaments", and what are "caudal cruciate ligaments"?
The flexor carpi radialis, the flexor carpi ulnaris, the superficial digital flexor, and the deep digital flexor muscles.
What are the flexors of the "carpal & digital joints"?
Structures/muscles that comprise the pelvic symphisis
Symphysial tendon
Gracilis m.
Prepubic tendon