Skeletal
Functions of Skeletal System
Support, Movement, Protection, Blood Formation, Electrolyte Balance, Acid-Base Balance, Detoxification
What are the functions of muscles?
Movement, Posture/joint Stabilization, Open/Close Passages, Heat Production
What are the 3 Functional classification of joints?
Synarthrosis, Amphiarthosis, Diarthrosis
What are the 5 bone shapes or structures
Long Bone, Short Bone, Flat Bone, Irregular Bone, Sesamoid Bone
What are the characteristics of Muscle?
Excitable, Contractile, Elastic, Extensible
What are the 3 Structural classification of joints?
Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
What is the process of Bone elongation
1.Resting Zone-relatively inactive
2.Proliferation Zone-Chondrocyte multiplication
3.Hypertrophy Zone- Chondrocyte growth and maturation
4.Calcfication Zone-Matrix calcifies and chondrocytes die
5.Ossification Zone-Osteoblasts form trabeculae
What are the structures of Muscle Fibers?
Sarcomeres, Sarcolemma, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, T-Tubules
Name the Structural classifications of synovial joints
Non-Axial, uni-axial, bi-axial, multi-axial
Name the steps of Intramembraneous Ossification
1.Ossification Center forms
2.Osteoblasts secrete osteoid
3.Osteoid calcifies
4.Trabecular Matrix and Periosteum form
5.Compact bone develops
What is the structure and organization of muscle?
Myofilaments->Myofibrils->Muscle Fibers->
Fascicle->Muscle
Name the Functional classifications of synovial joints
Pivot(axis vertebra), Hinge(elbow), Condyloid(radius and ulna), Saddle(thumb), Plane(tarsal bone), Ball-&-Socket(hip joint)
Name the steps of Endochondral Ossification
1.Mesenchyme cells become chondrocytes
2.Hyaline cartilage template forms
3.Ossification center forms in Diaphysis
4.Diaphysis elongates and medullary cavity forms
5. Secondary ossification center forms at Epiphysis
6. Cartilage remains at epiphyyseal plate to allow elongation
What is the structure and function of myofibrils and sarcomeres?
Actin, Myosin, Titin, Z-Disc
Myosin heads pull on Actin Fibers to create a pulling force contracting the sarcomere. Ca+ is needed for contractions
Name 4 characteristics of Synovial Joints
Joint Cavity, Articular Capsule, Synovial Fluid, Nerves and Vessels, Articular Cartilage, Reinforcing Ligaments, Articular Disc, Tendons, Bursae