Bones
How many bones are there in the body?
206
What type of cartilage is found in the knee and spine?
Fibrocartilage
The elbow is considered a ____________ joint.
Hinge
The muscle in the chest is also known as:
Pectoralis Major
If the origin is proximal, the insertion is ____________
Distal
Carpals and Tarsals are examples of_____________
Short Bones
What are the three types of cartilage?
Elastic
Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
What are the three types of joints?
Fibrous
Cartilagenous
Synovial
Which cardiac muscle is found in the heart?
Myocardium
What is the origin for the biceps brachii?
Scapula
What part of the long bone is the yellow bone marrow stored?
Medullary Cavity
Define hyaline cartilage.
Bluish-white type of cartilage that provides support, flexibility, and reduces friction between bones.
Which ribs are considered to be "false" ribs?
Ribs 8-12
What three states are muscles always in?
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
What is the insertion for the trapezius?
Clavicle & Scapula
List and define all 3 planes.
Frontal - front and back
Transverse - upper and lower
Sagittal - left and right
Describe two differences between ligaments and tendons.
Ligament
Bone to bone
Restrain joint movement
Can be sprained
Tendon
Muscle to bone
Enhance joint movement
Can be strained
Fluid that lubricates joint cavity, reduces friction and provides nutrients to cartilage is ______________
Synovial Membrane
What are the 3 layers of muscle and what does each one cover?
Epimysium: surrounds entire muscle
Perimysium: surrounds bundles of Mfs
Endomysium: surrounds individual Mfs
What muscle's origin is the posterior femur?
Gastrocnemius
What are the 6 Functions of the Skeletal System?
Protection
Support + Maintenance of Posture
Attachment Points for the Muscles
Storage and Release of Minerals
Hemopoiesis
Storage of Energy
What are the 3 ligaments in the ankle?
anterior talofibular (ATFL)
calcaneofibular (CFL)
posterior talofibular (PTFL)
What are the 6 Synovial Joints?
Gliding
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle
Ball & Socket
Explain the two ways hypertrophy can occur?
Myofibrillar Hypertrophy= increase in size via addition of new actin and myosin filaments that comes with increased strength/functionality
Sarcoplasmic Hypertrophy= fluid and glycogen accumulation in the muscle with little to no increase in strength/functionality
What are the specific muscles, origin and insertion for the quadriceps?
Rectus Femoris - Ilium
Vastus Lateralis - Femur
Vastus Medialis - Femur
Vastus Intermedius - Femur
Insertion - Patella & Upper Tibia (All 4)