Cervical
Which type of neck motion should be avoided during phase 1 of treatment for cervical radiculopathy
Flexion
A patient with L5 radiculopathy reports worsening distal symptoms during seated flexion exercises. Based on directional preference principles, which modification is most appropriate?
Introduce repeated lumbar extension movements
The knee is comprised of what bones?
Tibia, Femur, Patella
Which range of motion presentation would most likely indicate labral involvement?
Decreased hip flexion and internal rotation
What are the rotator cuff muscles and what are their functions?
Supraspinatus - 0-30 degrees abduction
Infraspinatus - external rotation
Subscapularis - internal rotation
Teres minor - external rotation
Which of the following movements are restricted by the cervical facet joints?
Extension and rotation
Why does lumbar flexion often provide symptom relief in stenosis?
What are the quad & hamstring muscles and what are all motions they are responsible for?
Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, Vastus intermedius
Bicep femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
Hip flexion, knee extension (quad)
Knee flexion, tibial external rotation, tibial internal rotation (hamstrings)
Which finding is most consistent with a labral tear or FAI diagnosis?
Anterior groin pain with squatting and hip flexion
What comorbidity is associated with adhesive capsulitis?
Diabetes
What are the two muscles common with causing headaches and where are the referral patterns?
Suboccipital - above eyebrows
Upper trap - horseshoe pattern
Which finding best differentiates true radiculopathy from referred somatic pain in the lumbar region?
Myotomal weakness and diminished reflexes
A patient over 60 presents with bilateral knee pain, joint stiffness in the morning lasting less than 30 minutes, and crepitus during movement. What is the MOST likely diagnosis?
Knee osteoarthritis
Why is aggressive hip flexor stretching discouraged in the acute phase of rehab?
It may worsen microtearing or inflammation
What are the main differences between a shoulder scope vs a shoulder repair?
Scope - "cleanup" of the structures effected. Minimally invasive. You are able to do more sooner
Repair - Larger surgery where the structures are repaired, often sutured or anchored down. Typically has a long period of immobilization, ~8 weeks of no active range of motion.
What is VOR? What does it do?
Which feature of the lumbar vertebrae limits rotational range compared to the other spinal regions?
What factor will help distinguish a meniscus tear from osteoarthritis?
Sharp pain with turning or twisting
What are common timelines for hamstring strain injuries? (Grade 0, 1, 2, 3)
Grade 1: 1-2 weeks
Grade 2: 2-6 weeks
Grade 3: 6+ weeks
A patient is experiencing L shoulder pain when driving and steering to the left, difficulty lifting objects and clicking/popping. What movements in a PPT will likely be at a deficit?
Abduction, external rotation, internal rotation
A patient presents with C6 radiculopathy. What is the myotome and dermatome deficit/presentation will they have?
Elbow flexion & wrist extension & lateral hand, forearm and then thumb into pointer finger
A patient presents with L3 radiculopathy. What is the myotome and dermatome deficit/presentation will they have?
Anterior thigh/medial lower leg & knee extension
How many degrees of knee extension does the screw-home mechanism take into effect?
10-20 degrees
For patients who are post-op hip replacement, what are the motion contraindications for anterior and posterior approach?
Anterior: Extension, Abduction, External Rotation
Posterior: Flexion, Internal Rotation, Adduction
What are the 3 types of labrum tear/lesions we commonly see? Describe them
SLAP: superior labrum anterior posterior (tear that surrounds the labrum)
Bankart: anterior tearing of the labrum
Hill-Sachs: posterolateral lesion (sometimes "dents") in the humeral head due to a forceful posterior translation