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Terminology!
Bones!
Muscles!
Joint!
Bonus!
100
What is the definition of a concussion and how is is commonly caused?
A concussion is a common head injury usually caused by an accident or initial blow to the head, causing the brain to shake within the skull.
100
Identify the five main functions of the skeletal system.
1.Structural Support 2.Protection 3.Growth center for cells 4.Reservoir of minerals 5.Movement
100
What is the biggest muscle in the human body?
Gluteus Maximus.
100
What are the three types of joints?
1-Fibrous or Fixed 2-Cartilaginous 3-Synovial
100
What is the largest bone in the body?
Femur.
200
Define Anatomy
A branch of science that deals with the structural organization of living things, how they are built and what they consist of.
200
What are the five types of bones?
1-Long Bones 2-Short Bones 3-Flat Bones 4-Irregular Bones 5-Sesamoid Bones
200
What are the three major functions of muscles as well as the three types of muscle tissue?
1.Movement 2.Support 3.Heat Production 1.Skeletal Muscles 2.Cardiac Muscles 3.Smooth Muscles
200
Define the six types of Synovial Joints.
1.Hinge Joint 2.Pivot Joint 3.Condyloid Joint 4.Saddle Joint 5.Ball and Socket Joint 6.Plane Joint
200
The human body starts with over ____ bones at birth, as the adult human skeleton is made up of ____ bones.
The human body starts with over 300 bones at birth, as the adult human skeleton is made up of 206 bones.
300
Define shin splints. How can they be prevented ?
Shin splints are a painful condition that occurs on the medial or lateral side of the tibia. This is caused by the tearing of the interosseous membrane or the periosteum. They can be prevented by wearing proper footwear and running on softer surfaces.
300
What bone described the collarbone?
The Clavicle.
300
Describe the procedure used for determining the muscle fiber type of an individual.
Muscle Fiber type is determined from a muscle biopsy taking place, where this procedure involves a small incision being made into the skin and fascia of the muscle, following an injection of a local anesthetic in the muscle. As tissue is then cut out from the muscle and viewed under a microscope.
300
Distinguish between dislocation and separation.
Dislocation is when the bone is displaced from its original location, where as a separation is when bones are held together by fibrous ligaments tear and separate from each other.
300
What are the three metabolic pathways and what systems are they carried out by (anaerobic/aerobic)?
1.ATP-PC Pathways (anaerobic alactic ) 2.Glycolysis Pathway (anaerobic lactic ) 3.Cellular Respiration (aerobic)
400
What is ATP? What does is carry out?
ATP is Adenosine Triphosphate, which is known to be the most common energy molecule for all living things. This is so because ATP captures chemical energy resulting from the breakdown of food, which can be used to fuel various cellular processes.
400
The shorter bone in the forearm that is on the thumb side of the arm is called the...
Radius.
400
Describe the location, position, response and number of sensory neurons in a Muscle Spindle.
Location - in belly of muscle fibers Position - lies parallel to muscle fibers Respond to - changes in muscle length Sensory Neurons -2
400
What is the most common form of a knee ligament tear and how does it occur. What ligament is most likely damaged in this form of injury?
The most common form is when the tear 'blows' to the lateral side of the knee. This can occur when a players knee strikes another players lower knee, resulting to the other side. The joint capsule is the first tissue to tear.
400
Describe the difference between a strain and a sprain.
A sprain is a stretch, tear or complete rupture of a ligament where as a strain is a stretch, tear or complete rupture of a muscle or tendon.
500
Define Internal Respiration, External Respiration and Cellular Respiration.
Internal Respiration - exchanges of gases at the tissue level, O2 is delivered, CO2 is removed. External Respiration - process that occurs in the lungs involving the exchange of O2 and CO2. Cellular Respiration - process where the cells use O2 to generate energy through different metabolic pathways in the mitochondria.
500
What is an example of a long bone? Describe a primary function as well as one special characteristic.
Long Bone - Femur, Tibia, Fibia, Radius. Primary Function- used in most of our daily movements, running/throwing/walking. Special Characteristics- known to be the main points of flexibility.
500
Distinguish the difference between Fast Twitch Fibers and Slow Twitch Fibers. ( type, color, size, rate of fatigue, contraction speed, etc....).
Fast Twitch Slow Twitch -Type 2 -Type 1 -white -red -anaerobic -aerobic -large -smaller -fatigue -fatigue-resistance -contraction (faster) -slower -short, powerful (perform) -endurance -sprinting/jumping -swimming/long distance
500
What is the medically correct term for the shoulder joint?
Glenohumeral Joint.
500
When one muscle contracts the other muscle _____ ?
Relaxes.