Glands
The gland that controls hormone release to regulate growth and metabolism A) Adrenal B) Pituitary C) Thyroid D) Salivary
What is the pituitary gland? B It is located at the base of the brain and secretes growth (GH) and thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH), helping other glands function
The part of the respiratory system that connects the throat to the lungs A) Trachea B) Alveoli C) Diaphragm D) Bronchi
What is the trachea? A (The airway that allows air to pass through)
The organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body A) Skin B) Heart C) Lungs D) Brain
What is the heart? B (The heart pumps blood, supplies oxygen and nutrients to the body, and removes waste products)
The blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body A) Aorta B) Ventricles C) Capillaries D) Arteries
What is the aorta? A (The largest artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body)
The liquid portion of blood that contains water, proteins, etc A) Hemoglobin B) Plasma C) Platelets D) White Blood Cells
What is plasma? B (Plasma is the yellowish, liquidly portion of blood that transports nutrients, waste products, and hormones)
The gland responsible for saliva production A) Adrenal B) Pituitary C) Thyroid D) Salivary
What are the salivary glands? D (Located in the mouth and produce saliva to aid in digestion and keep the mouth moist)
The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place A) Trachea B) Alveoli C) Bronchioles D) Bronchi
What are alveoli? B (Microscopic sacs in the lungs where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide in the blood)
The organ that filters waste from the blood and produces urine A) Kidney B) Liver C) Stomach D) Spleen
What are the kidneys? A (The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and produce urine to remove them from the body, to clean it out)
The small blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and body tissues A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries D) Heart
What are capillaries? C (Small blood vessels that allow the exchange of substances in the body)
The blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body A) Red Blood Cells B) White Blood Cells C) Platelets D) Stem Cells
What are red blood cells (erythrocytes)? A (Red blood cells contain hemoglobin (a protein) that binds to oxygen and carries it throughout the bloodstream)
The gland known as the "master gland" A) Adrenal B) Pituitary C) Pineal D) Salivary
What is the pituitary gland? B (The pituitary gland controls the release of hormones that regulate other endocrine glands)
The muscle that contracts and relaxes to help control breathing A) Trachea B) Alveoli C) Diaphragm D) Bronchi
What is the diaphragm? C (It contracts and relaxes, causing lung movement)
The largest organ in the body A) Skin B) Heart C) Lungs D) Brain
What is the skin? A (It protects the body from infection and helps regulate body temperature)
The chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs A) Left Atrium B) Right Atrium C) Left Ventricle D) Right Ventricle
What is the left atrium? A (The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it into the left ventricle to distribute blood to the body)
The type of white blood cell responsible for antibody production A) T-Cells B) Helper T-Cells C) B-Cells D) Natural Killer Cells
What are B cells (B lymphocytes)? C (B cells are known for antibody production, antibodies help identify and rule out pathogens like viruses and bacteria)
The glands that produce hormones such as adrenaline A) Adrenal B) Pituitary C) Thyroid D) Salivary
What are the adrenal glands? A (Located on top of the kidneys, helps manage stress, metabolism, and blood pressure)
The process where oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide is removed in the lungs A) Krebs Cycle B) Alveoli C) Diaphragm D) Gas exchange
What is gas exchange? D (Carbon dioxide is expelled from the blood into the alveoli while oxygen enters the blood)
The organ that stores bile and releases it to the small intestine A) Liver B) Kidney C) Spleen D) Gallbladder
What is the gallbladder? D (The organ that stores bile (produced by the liver) and releases it into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion)
The valve that prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle from the aorta A) Mitral Valve B) Tricuspid Valve C) Pulmonary Valve D) Aortic Valve
What is the aortic valve? D (The valve that controls blood flow, ensuring the backflow of blood doesn't go back into the left ventricle)
The medical term for a low red blood cell count, often leading to fatigue and weakness in the body A) Anemia B) Hemophilia C) Leukemia D) Sickle Cell Disease
What is anemia? A (Anemia is a condition that occurs when there are not enough red blood cells carrying oxygen to tissues in the body)
The gland that regulates sleep cycles A) Thymus B) Pituitary C) Thyroid D) Pineal
What is the pineal gland? D (A small gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles by producing melatonin)
The condition caused by smoking that damages air sacs in the lungs A) Emphysema B) Pneumonia C) Asthma D) Bronchitis
What is emphysema? A (A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that often causes shortness of breath and difficulty breathing)
The organ that filters blood and removes old/damaged RBCs A) Kidney B) Liver C) Stomach D) Spleen
What is the spleen? D (The spleen filters blood, removes old/damaged RBCs and helps fight infections in the body)
The condition when the heart fails to effectively pump blood A) Myocardial Infarction B) Heart Failure C) Arrhythmia D) Hypertension
What is heart failure? B (Heart failure is a condition often caused by a weakened heart muscle, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body)
The protein in plasma that aids in blood clotting A) Hemoglobin B) Collagen C) Fibrinogen D) Myosin
What is fibrinogen? C (Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that converts to fibrin, which forms a mesh and stops bleeding to allow blood clotting)