Digestive
Structures of the small intestine that increase surface area and aid in the absorption on nutrients are _________________
Villi
The central nervous system is comprised of these two structures.
brain and spinal cord
The functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood and producing urine
The nephron
Male and female gonads are called ______________ and ________________
testes and ovaries
The molecule that stores genetic information in the cell.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
The organ where most of the chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs.
Small intestine
The gap between two neurons where communication can occur via neurotransmitters.
Synapse
The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder
The ureter
What does the presence of the hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the urine of a female indicate?
Pregnancy
The intermediate molecule that carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes.
mRNA (messenger RNA)
The accessory organ that produces bile to help digest fats.
Liver
A simple automatic response to a stimulus, often protective
reflex arc
The duct that is shared by both the reproductive and excretory systems in males.
Urethra
The name of the cells that support and nourish developing sperm (spermatids)
Sertoli cell
The genetic code is read in groups of three nucleotides. What is this group called?
A codon
The gland that secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine.
Pancreas
Saltatory conduction speeds up the nerve impulse. Name the structure that allows this to occur.
Myelin sheath (or Schwaan cells)
Where is most of the glucose in the nephron reabsorbed?
Proximal convoluted tubule
What is the function of the endometrium?
To provide nourishment for a developing embryo.
The process by which new proteins are made using information in mRNA
Translation
By the process of _______________________ bile breaks down fat into smaller droplets
Emulsification
The ions that flow across the neuron membrane to generate an action potential (nerve impulse)
sodium and potassium
Aside from the removal of wastes, another major function of the excretory system is _____________________
Maintaining homeostasis
Fertilization of the egg almost always occurs in the ___________________.
Oviducts
A section of DNA has the following sequence of nitrogenous bases: GAT
What sequence would be produced as a product of translation?
CUA