CARTILAGES
Which are the cartilages that limits with the cricoid cartilage?
Arythenoid and thyroid
This muscle is in charge of increasing the length and tension of the vocal folds
What is the Cricothyroid muscle?
This membrane is comprised of nonelastic connective issue. It is attached to the lateral margins of the arytenoid cartilages and the epiglottis
What is the Quadrangular membrane?
Respiratory, phonatory, resonance
Which are the three major anatomic subsystems conform the speech apparatus?
These cartilages are pyramidal like in shape and have 4 surfaces, 3 angles at the base, and a single point at the apex
Which are the arytenoid cartilages?
This is the only intrinsic muscle contracted during vocal folds abduction
What is the Posterior cricoarytenoid?
This branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates all intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except the cricothyroid muscle
What is the Inferior laryngeal branch?
Because it evidence the barriers in the vocal tract during phonation
Why is speech a complex tone?
Since the posterior cricoarythenoid and the lateral cricoarytenoid muscles are attached to the more lateral angle of the arythenoid cartilages, this angle is called
What is the Muscle process?
From the medial fibres of this muscle, the vocal muscle arise
What is the Thyroarytenoid muscle?
The Internal laryngeal nerve (branch of the superior laryngeal nerve) has a __________ branch that innervates the epiglottis and the superior surface of the vocal folds
What is the sensory branch?
If the vocal range in conversational voice is between 70Hz and 450Hz, if the fundamental frequency mean of a speaker is 65Hz, this phonation is...
What is fry phonation?
Since the true vocal folds attach to the most anterior angle, this angle is called
What is the vocal process?
This muscle is responsible for tensing the vocal cords
What is the Cricothyroid muscle?
The external laryngeal nerve (branch of the superior laryngeal nerve) has a __________ branch that innervates the cricothyroid muscle
What is the Motor and Visceral efferent?
After having a cold for a few days, a teacher still suffers from a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. In addition, his voice sounds raspy and breaks occasionally. He consults the doctor who diagnoses laryngitis. The irritation of which of the following anatomical structures most likely lead to the occasional loss of the teacher’s voice?
What are the vocalis muscle and ligament?
The composition of these two cartilages is hyaline cartilage because it contains thin dense collagenous fibers
What are the Thyroid and cricoid cartilages?
A young singer visits her ENT physician and complains about vocal difficulties. On examination, she is unable to abduct the vocal cords during quiet breathing. Which of the following laryngeal muscles is most likely paralyzed?
What is the Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
This is the mucosa-covered superior border of the quadrangular membrane called
What is the Aryepiglottic fold?
A 50-year-old man with a history of mitral valve stenosis presents to the clinic with a gradual onset of hoarseness. Laryngoscopy examination reveals a left vocal cord paralysis. Upon retrieving the chest CT results, the doctor discovers an enlarged left pulmonary artery, causing a compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (nervus laryngeus recurrens sinister). Which of the following muscles are affected in this scenario?
What are the Thyroarytenoid muscle and the Oblique arytenoid muscle?