Planes of Motion
Multi-planar training refers to what?
Using multiple planes of movement to exercise
"Proximal" refers to what in relation to the body?
Closer to the center of the body
The term "Biomechanics" refers to what?
The study of how forces affect a living body.
Focuses on how muscles, bones, and joints interact to produce motion.
Which joint type is most common associated with human movement? (Hint: Synovial or non-synovial)
Synovial joints (fluid-filled space between the connected bones; freely moveable)
In a bicep curl, what muscle is the agonist and what muscle is the antagonist?
Agonist: Bicep
Antagonist: Tricep
Name an exercise or movement that would involve the transverse plane
Bicycle crunches, roundhouse kicks, lunges with rotation, swinging a bat, triangle pose, etc.
What is the difference between medial and lateral positions?
Medial: towards the midline of the body
Lateral: farther from the midline of the body
What connects the cervical spine to the lumbar spine?
Thoracic spine
Reverse flys would be an example of Scapular_____
(Scapular) retraction
What is the difference between isometric activation and concentric activation?
Isometric Activation: Muscle produces tension/force without changing length (ex: plank)
Concentric Activation: Muscle produces force while shortening (ex: bicep curl, upward phase of a push up after plank)
Cycling or running would be examples of movements in this plane
Sagittal Plane
Nociceptors are responsible for what?
Pain (Sensory nerve; sympathetic nervous system)
This type of movement is typically harder because it works against gravity
Concentric
What is more important to warm up for injury prevention: muscles or joints?
Muscles!
What are the three macronutrients?
Proteins, Carbs, Fats
"Walls in front and back" is one way to visual this plane
Frontal plane
The agonist in a muscle action is also known as what?
The primary mover
What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 fibers?
Type 1: "slow twitch", aerobic, smaller in size, produce less force, don't respond as well to muscle growth
Type 2: "fast twitch", anaerobic, bigger in size, greater speed/strength, quick to fatigue but respond well to muscle growth
A person rocking up on their toes, then back on their heels is using what two joint movements? (Hint: sagittal plane)
Up on the toes: Plantar flexion
Back on the heels: Dorsiflexion
As it relates to the human movement system, the central nervous system is responsible for what?
Coordination of all body parts and organs (brain and spinal cord)
Fill in the blank.
Frontal movement occurs from____ to ____
Side to side
Neuroplasticity refers to what?
The brain's ability to develop and grow, creating/reforming neural pathways
Give one example of a segment in the kinetic chain that is responsible for mobility
Thoracic spine, hip joints, ankle joints
What is the difference between flexors and extensors?
Flexors: Bend joints by decreasing the angle between bones
Extensors: Straighten joints by increasing the angles between bones
What is the difference between tendons and ligaments?
Tendons: connective tissues connecting muscle to bone at the insertion point
Ligaments: connective tissues connecting bone to bone