Heart & Lungs
What does the right atrium do?
It receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it into the right ventricle.
This organ ______ bile and is produced by the _____
Stores
Liver
What is the outer part of the kidney called?
Renal cortex
These two systems work together to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
Circulatory and Respiratory
What is hemostasis, and what are the three steps?
Stoppage of bleeding
1. Vascular spasm
2. Platlet plug formation
3. Blood coagulation
What body cavity are the lungs located in?
Thoracic cavity
How does the duodenum work?
(Hint: Simple and three steps)
1. Receives food from the stomach to help break it down more
2. The pancreas releases sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity
3. Absorbs nutrients
Renal artery: carries unfiltered blood from the abdominal aorta to the kidneys
Renal vein: carries filtered blood from the kidneys to the inferior vena cava
How do the digestive system and the respiratory system work together?
They both supply oxygen and nutrients to the body for energy production
Hemoglobin is a protein in ___________ that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body
Red blood cells
What happens if the left ventricle stops working?
Leads to heart failure, and not enough blood being pumped throughout the body
What is gastrin, and what does it do?
Stimulates the cells in the stomach to secrete gastric juice and produce hydrochloric acid
What is filtration in the kidneys?
The kidneys separate the plasma from blood cells and is the first part of the formation of urine
What is carbon dioxide transported in the blood as?
As a bicarbonate
Which structures make sure the blood keeps flowing in the same direction
Valves
Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?
What form of glucose does the liver store?
Glycogen
What is the renal pelvis?
Center of the kidney that collects urine and funnels to the ureters
How is pepsinogen activated, and what does it turn into?
Activated by low pH and converted into pepsin
Veins transport blood to the heart, and arteries transport blood away from the heart. Which two do the opposite?
Pulmonary vein and pulmonary artery
What is thrombosis, and what can it lead to?
Clots somewhere in a blood vessel and can turn into a pulmonary embolism, heart attack, or stroke.
Which enzyme does the pancreas release to help break down fats?
Lipase
What does aldosterone do?
Helps maintain sodium levels and blood pressure
Hepatic portal vein
Which nervous system increases heart rate, and which one decreases?
Sympathetic increase
Parasympathetic decreases