Cranial Nerves
The function of this nerve is taste, facial expression, and secretion of tears and saliva
What are excitable cells that transmit electrical signal
Neurons
This brain part coordinates skeletal muscle movements; regulates posture and balance
Cerebellum
-70mV
What are origin and insertion?
the moveable attachment site is the insertion
immovable attachment site is the origin
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The function of this nerve is movement of head, neck and shoulders
Cranial nerve 11 Accessory
This neuroglia is star shaped and anchor neurons to the nearby capillaries
Astrocytes
What are the 4 regions of the brain?
Cerebral hemisphere, diencephalon, brainstem, cerebellum
How many sodium are expelled for every 2 potassium in the sodium potassium pump
3 sodium for every 2 potassium
What is the muscle that helps the prime mover
Synergist
What is the function of cranial nerve 8?
hearing and equilibrium
What are the 2 types of PNS neuroglia
Satellite and Schwann cells
What are the 3 parts of the diencephalon?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus (pineal gland)
What are the two types of electrical signals?
Graded and action potentials
What is the strongest muscle of mastication
What is cranial nerve 4 called?
Trochlear
What are the 3 parts of a neuron?
Cell body, dendrite, and axon
Which brain structure is a major regulator of homeostasis by controlling many body activities
Hypothalmus
What is the difference between depolorization and hyperpolization?
Depolarization: the membrane potential becomes less negative
Hyperpolarization: the membrane potential becomes more negative
What is the most important muscle for breathing?
Diaphragm
The function of this nerve is eye movements and opening of eyelid, constriction of pupils; and changes lens shape for focusing
What are the 2 types of axonal transport and in what direction do they move substances
Anterograde transport: moves substances away from cell body
Retrograde transport: moves substances toward cell body
This brain structure plays a role in perception of sensory information, execution of voluntary movements and personality traits
Cerebral Cortex
What is the all-or-none principle
Action potentials can only occur if the membrane potential reaches the threshold value
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
SITS”: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis