Heart
Stuff
Stuff
This is performed to obtain the position and motion of the heart and also to record blood flow.
What is an echocardiography (EKG)?
This occurs in vertebral bodies of vertebrae, usually thoracic, and in post menopausal women. It is classified by demineralization and calcium imbalance.
What is osteoporosis?
This is caused by severe hyperextension of the neck. It can pinch C1, break vertebral arteries, rupture the anterior longitudinal ligament, and rupture the annulus fibrosus of C2 and C3.
What is whiplash?
This causes reduced blood to the brain stem. You can feel light headed or dizzy. (EXTRA: of what two areas?)
What is arteriosclerosis? (EXTRA: of cervical and suboccipital arteries)
This is the pathway for crude touch and temperature.
What is the anterior spinothalamic tract?
This is the abnormal narrowing that obstructs blood flow to the inferior part of the body. The most common site is near the ligamentum arteriosum.
What is coarctation of the aorta?
This is when the vertebral column curves posterior, the vertebrae erode and collapse, and a persons height decreases.
What is excessive thoracic kyphosis? (humpback)
This is where one or more vertebral arches fail to develop. Its associated with herniation of the meninges and/or spinal cord and neurological symptoms can be present.
what is spina bifida cystica?
This is ligamentous stretch or injury caused by excessive extension or rotation.
What is a back sprain?
This is the pathway for pain and temperature.
What is the lateral spinothalamic pathway?
This is the most common site for atherosclerosis in the heart that can cause a myocardial infarction.
What is the anterior interventricular artery? (aka left anterior descending)
This is where the pelvis is rotated anteriorly, there is an increase in lumbar curvature, the vertebral column is convex anteriorly, and you have a weak anterolateral abdominal wall.
What is excessive lumbar lordosis? (hollowback)
This is pain in lower back and hip that radiates down back of thigh into the leg. It is caused by herniated lumbar intervertebral disc or osteophytes.
What is sciatica?
What is a back strain?
This is the pathway(s) for just proprioception.
what is the posterior & anterior spinocerebellar?
This will cause an enlargement of the right atrium and ventricle and the pulmonary trunk.
What is a large atrial septal defect (ASD)?
This is the abnormal lateral curvature of vertebra. The vertebra and its spinous processes rotate and there is asymmetrical weakness of intrinsic back muscles (Myopathic).
What is scoliosis? (curved back)
This is the forward displacement of the vertebral body.
What is spondylolisthesis?
This is performed for a CSF sample between spinous processes of L3 and L4 or L4 and L5.
This is the pathway for proprioception, fine touch, pressure, and vibration below T6.
what is the fasciculus gracilis pathway?
Injury to this can be caused by a carcinoma or aneurysm in the arch of aorta. It can also affect the voice.
What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
This is where the lamina of L5 and/or S1 fail to develop normally and fuse together. It is concealed by the skin but indicated by a tuft of hair.
What is spina bifida occulta?
This causes low back and lower limb pain, degeneration of the posterior longitudinal ligament, compression of spinal cord or nerves usually in cauda equina, and its normally posterolateral and symptomatic. 95% occur at L4-L5 or L5-S1.
What is herniation of nucleus pulposus?
This is used for blood circulation if the inferior vena cava is blocked/ It can be a route for metastasis to vertebra or brain.
What is vertebral venous plexus?
This is the pathway for proprioception, fine touch, pressure, and vibration superior to T6.
What is the fasiculus cuneatus pathway?