Hierarchy of Structural Organization
This is the fourth level of the hierarchy. Some examples include the brain, heart, lungs, and liver.
What is the Organ level?
This system forms external body coverings, protects deep tissue from injury, and helps regulate body temperature. Organs in this system are skin, hair, and nails.
What is the integumentary system?
This is in the center of the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal subunit manufacturing.
What is the nucleolus?
In this phase of mitosis, the sister chromatids cluster at the middle of the cell with their centromeres aligned at the exact center.
What is metaphase?
This is an unassisted process of passive transport. Allows small non-polar hydrophobic/lipophilic molecules to pass freely through the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. Examples include oxygen, carbon dioxide and small lipids. `
What is simple diffusion?
This is the 6th and final level of the hierarchy. Some examples include Human, dog, bird, and fruit fly.
What is the organismal level?
This system filters blood, eliminates nitrogenous wastes from blood. The organs included are the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
What is the urinary system?
This organelle processes, packages, and ships the proteins produced by the rough ER to their final destinations.
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
In this phase of mitosis, new nuclear envelope, using fragments of parent cell's nuclear envelope, reforms around each set of separated chromosome.
What is Telophase?
This is a passive transport that is the net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. It is the high to low concentration gradient of water.
What is osmosis?
This is the second level of the hierarchy. Some examples are neurons and adipocytes.
What is the cellular level?
This system functions in locomotion, facial expressions, allows manipulation of environment, maintains posture, and produces heat. The organs included are muscles and associated tendons.
What is the muscular system?
This organelle produces lipids (including steroids), detoxifies, and stores calcium ions.
What is the smooth ER?
In this phase of the cell cycle, DNA replicates itself; ensures that daughter cells receive identical copies of the genetic material.
What is S (synthetic) Phase?
This is a type of passive transport that uses a specific integral membrane protein to assist molecules that can not easily pass through the plasma membrane. This is still high to low gradient. This is due to them being bipolar, hydrophilic, or charged. Examples include glucose, amino acids, and ions.
What is facilitated diffusion?
This is the third level of the hierarchy. Examples are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
What is the tissue level?
This system is a slow acting control system. It regulates other organs using hormonal signaling. The organs included are the pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal gland, pancreas, and ovaries/testes.
What is the endocrine system?
This organelle generates most of the cell's energy (ATP) via cellular respiration.
Mitochondria
In this phase of mitosis, kinetochore microtubules pull the now separated identical chromosomes away from one another toward opposite poles of the cell.
What is Anaphase?
This type of transport is the movement of molecules in our out of a cell against a concentration gradient. Goes from low to high gradient with the use of ATP to actively pump substances across plasma membrane.
What is Active transport?
This is the first level of the hierarchy. Some examples include oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen.
What is the chemical level?
This system picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to the blood; cleanses the blood. It is involved in immunity. The organs included are the spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes.
What is the Lymphatic and Immune System?
These are paired cylindrical bodies forming a pinwheel array of nine triplets of microtubules = 27 short microtubules. They act in forming cilia and flagella and help in forming and organizing the mitotic spindle during mitosis.
What are centrioles?
In this phase of mitosis, polar microtubules of mitotic spindle slide past each other forcing the poles of the cell apart and thereby start to elongate the cell.
What is prophase?
The largest molecules (macromolecules) and large solid particles are transported through the plasma membrane by another active transport mechanism.