Back to Basics
In what phase of mitosis do chromatids separate and move to opposite poles
During anaphase
When organs are located on the wrong side of the body
What is situs inversus
In what part of the life cycle of the cell does the original cell split into two daughter cells
What is cytokinesis
What part of the neuron is responsible for conducting electrical impulses away from the cell body
What is the axon
When action potential ends, what happens to calcium ions
They get reabsorbed into storage areas
In what portion of the life cycle of the cell is the cell considered to NOT be in interphase
During M phase (mitosis)
Essentially a disease of mitosis, this occurs when normal checkpoints that regulate mitosis are ignored
What is cancer
What cellular structure is responsible for lipid synthesis
Smooth ER
What structure of the neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synapse(not where they are stored)
What are axon terminals
Folded area of the neuromuscular junction where muscle and neuron communicate
What is the motor end plate
Positive feedback loops are designed to do what to the occurrence of events
Amplify or increase them
A genetic mutation that affects the tiny hairlike cilia in the lungs, nose and ears, impairing their ability to remove germs and pollutants, and allowing mucus buildup and infection.
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Any external solution that has a low solute concentration and high water concentration compared to body fluids where there is a net movement of water from the solution into the body.
What is a hypotonic solution
Gaps in the myelin sheath that act as a speed boost for electrical impulses
What are the nodes of Ranvier
The bare zone on a muscle cell that lacks actin filaments
What is the H zone
Name 3 of the 7 characteristics of human life
Organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, reproduction, development
A genetic condition that impacts proteins in the body by mutating CFTR channels and preventing chloride ions from exiting the cell
What is cystic fibrosis
Which cellular organelle is responsible for package and delivery of proteins produced by the ribosomes
What is the golgi apparatus
Which bodily function is increased when the parasympathetic nervous system is in charge
Increased rate of digestion
In a relaxed muscle cell, what part of the actin myofilaments prevent myosin binding
What are regulatory proteins
In a negative feedback loop, what are muscles or glands that respond to deviation from the set point. Glands might initiate sweating to cool the body back to its set point.
What are effectors
Genetic condition that affects connective tissue and causes appendages to be longer than they should, leading to weakened elastic fibers
What is Marfan syndrome
What cellular structure is made of microfilaments and microtubules for cell shape and support
What is the cytoskeleton
These form the insulating myelin sheath around the neurons in the PNS and serve the same function as oligodendrocytes, which are found in the CNS
What are Schwann cells
What binds to regulatory proteins to change their shape and position on thin filaments
What are calcium ions