Nucleus
What is one function of the nucleus?
Storing genetic material OR controlling and regulating cell’s activities
What is the shape of the chloroplast?
The chloroplast is shaped like an elongated disc/oval.
This part of the cell is often called the "powerhouse."
mitochondrion
This organelle has tiny ribosomes attached to its surface, making it look "rough."
Rough ER
Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste inside this part of a cell.
Cytoplasm
What form is the DNA inside the nucleus?
Chromatin
What is the pigment inside the chloroplast and what is its function?
Chlorophyll, absorbs light energy
Mitochondria make this molecule, which gives cells energy to do their jobs.
ATP
What is the function of the Smooth ER?
Synthesizing and storing lipids to produce new cellular membranes
Plant cells have a large central vacuole that helps maintain this important trait, which keeps plants standing upright.
Turgor Pressure
What is the fluid filling the nucleus?
Nucleoplasm
What is the function inside the chloroplast?
Stroma
Mitochondria are found in almost all types of cells, but plant cells also have this organelle that helps them make food from sunlight.
Chloroplast
The rough ER works closely with this organelle, which packages and ships proteins where they need to go.
Golgi Apparatus
In animal cells, vacuoles are smaller and work closely with this organelle, which helps break down waste and old cell parts.
Lysosome
What is the function of a nucleolus?
Forming ribosomes
What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis?
The inputs are carbon dioxide, water, and light energy while the outputs are glucose and oxygen.
Mitochondria have their own special type of genetic material, separate from the DNA in the cell’s nucleus.
Mitochondrial DNA
The rough ER is found in eukaryotic cells but is absent in these simple cells, which lack a nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells
The vacuole in plant cells can store pigments, which give flowers and fruits their bright colors. This type of pigment in red and purple fruits is called what?
Anthocyanins
What are the structures at the outer edge of the nucleus?
Nuclear envelope (membrane) with nuclear pores through which molecules move into the nucleus and out of the cytoplasm.
What are the layers of discs inside the chloroplast called?
Thylakoid membranes stacked in grana
The process mitochondria use to make energy for the cell is called this.
Cellular Respiration
What is an example of a lipid the smooth ER synthesizes and stores?
Cholesterol and phospholipids
In single-celled organisms like paramecia, specialized vacuoles help regulate water balance by doing this process, expelling excess water from the cell.
Osmosis