Anatomy of the Dog - Exam #2

Vertebral Parts

100

What is the structure of the highlighted purple region?

What is the 'dorsal spinous process'?

200

What is the correct vertebral formula for a canine?

a. C₇-T₁₈-L₆-S₅-Cd₂₀

b. C₇-T₁₃-L₆-S₅-Cd_18-20

c. C₇-T₁₃-L₆-S₄-Cd_16-18

d. C₇-T₁₃-L₇-S₃-Cd₂₀

a. C₇-T₁₈-L₆-S₅-Cd₂₀

b. C₇-T₁₃-L₆-S₅-Cd_18-20

c. C₇-T₁₃-L₆-S₄-Cd_16-18

d. C₇-T₁₃-L₇-S₃-Cd₂₀

300

Where does the C8 spinal nerve exit the vertebral canal via what opening?

a. C7 lateral vertebral foramen

b. C7 transverse foramen

c. Intervertebral foramen between C7 & C8

d. Intervertebral forament between C7 & T1

a. C7 lateral vertebral foramen

b. C7 transverse foramen

c. Intervertebral foramen between C7 & C8

d. Intervertebral forament between C7 & T1

400

Which synovial structure is highlighted in pink?

What is the 'alantooccipital joint'?

*Found between the skull and the atlas (1), known as the 'yes' joint.

500

What is the name of the connective structure highlighted in purple?

What is the 'dorsal atlantoaxial ligament'?

600

What is the name of the boney structure highlighted in yellow?

What is the 'mammillary process'?

2-Transverse process

4-Accessory process

Nerves

100

Where would you find the cell bodies of a GSA?

What is the 'dorsal root ganglion'?

200

What nerve innervates the muscle that are flexors of the humeral joint?

What is the 'Axillary n.'?

300

The dog suddenly is scared by a mountain lion and runs, where are the pre-ganglionic cell bodies?

What are the 'lateral gray horn'?

400

Where are the cell bodies for the muscle indicated by the yellow pin?

a. Lateral grey horn

b. Ventral grey horn

c. Dorsal root ganglion

d. Brainstem

c. 

a. Lateral grey horn

b. Ventral grey horn

c. Dorsal root ganglion

d. Brainstem

500

What nerve innervates the muscle indicated by the yellow pin?

a. Cr. pectoral nn.

b. Cd. pectoral nn.

c. Long thoracic n.

d. Thoracodorsal n. 

e. Lateral thoracic n.

a. Cr. pectoral nn.

b. Cd. pectoral nn.

c. Long thoracic n.

d. Thoracodorsal n. 

e. Lateral thoracic n.

600

What is the name of the nerve innervating the muscle indicated by the yellow pin?

What is the 'thoracodorsal n.'?

Arteries & Veins

100

Which one of the features in the right ventricle is funnel-shaped part of the right ventricle leading to the pulmonary trunk?

a. Chordae tendinae

b. Conus arteriosus

c. Trabecular carneae

d. Trabecular septomarginalis

e. Papillary mm.

a. Chordae tendinae

b. Conus arteriosus

c. Trabecular carneae

d. Trabecular septomarginalis

e. Papillary mm.

200

What is the vascular connection between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta?

What is the 'ductus arteriosus'?

300

You are injected a dog with a drug via the cephalic vein. Which of the following would one of the direct next routes that the drug would take to the heart? (select all that apply)

a. axillobrachial v. 

b. external jugular v. 

c. median cubital v. 

d. brachial v. 

e. axillary v. 

a. axillobrachial v. 

b. external jugular v. 

c. median cubital v. 

d. brachial v. 

e. axillary v.

400

Which one of the following returns fetal blood from the placenta to the fetus?

a. umbilical vein

b. ductus venous

c. foramen ovale

d. ductus arteriosus

a. umbilical vein (from the liver)

b. ductus venous

c. foramen ovale

d. ductus arteriosus

500

The cranial vena cava dumps into what structure?

a. Right atrium

b. Right ventricle

c. Left atrium

d. Left ventricle

e. Cd. Vena Cava

a. Right atrium

b. Right ventricle

c. Left atrium

d. Left ventricle

e. Cd. Vena Cava

600

Which one of the following arterial structures will pass through the transverse foramen?

a. Vertebral a. 

b. Costocervical trunk

c. Superficial cervical a. 

d. Axillary a. 

e. Dorsal intercostal a.

a. Vertebral a.

b. Costocervial trunk

c. Superficial cervical a. 

d. Axillary a. 

e. Dorsal intercostal a.

Random

100

What is the name of the connective structure indicated by the yellow pin?

What is the 'yellow ligament'?

200

What is the name of the connective structure that connects the left and right rib heads from the 2nd-10th ribs and stops at the 10th rib and bolsters IV disk where present?

What is the 'intercapital ligaments'?

300

Which one of the following is not found on the vertebral bone indicated by the yellow pin? (Select all that apply)

a. Spinous process

b. Cranial articular process

c. Caudal articular process

d. Transverse foramen

e. Caudal costal fovea

a. Spinous process

b. Cranial articular process

c. Caudal articular process

d. Transverse foramen

e. Caudal costal fovea

400

Which one of the following is used for a radiographic landmark?

a. C4

b. C5

c. C6

d. C7

a. C4

b. C5

c. C6 (due to the expanded ventral laminae of transverse process)

d. C7

500

How many pairs of ribs are there?

What is '13'?

600

What type of joint is indicated by the 'asterisk'?

a. Synovial jt.

b. Hyline cartilage jt.

c. Cartilaginous jt.

d. Fibrous jt.

a. Synovial jt.

b. Hyline cartilage jt.

c. Cartilaginous jt.

d. Fibrous jt.

Random Pt. 2

100

What feature of the right atrium diverts inflowing blood from the canal veins into the right A-V orifice?

a. Sinus venarum

b. Right auricle 

c. Intervenous tubercle 

d. Paraconal inter ventricular groove

e. Ligamentum arteriosum

a. Sinus venarum

b. Right auricle 

c. Intervenous tubercle

d. Paraconal inter ventricular groove

e. Ligamentum arteriosum

200

What is the largest lymph structure that receives lymph from 3/4th of the body?

a. Thoracic duct

b. Right lymphatic duct

c. Mediastinal LN

d. Cd. Mediastinal LN

a. Thoracic duct

b. Right lymphatic duct

c. Mediastinal LN

d. Cd. Mediastinal LN

300

Which fetal structure becomes the 'round ligament of the liver'?

a. Umbilical a.

b. Umbilical v. 

c. Ligamentrum arteriosum

d. Fossa ovalis

e. Ductus arteriosus

a. Umbilical a.

b. Umbilical v.

c. Ligamentrum arteriosum

d. Fossa ovalis

e. Ductus arteriosus

400

Which of the following muscles are used for inspiration only?

a. Scalenus m.

b. Serratus dorsalis cranialis m.

c. Serratus dorsalis caudalis m.

d. External intercostal m.

e. Internal intercostal m.

a. Scalenus m.

b. Serratus dorsalis cranialis m.

c. Serratus dorsalis caudalis m.

d. External intercostal m. (both)

e. Internal intercostal m. (both)

500

A yellow pin has entered the pericardial sac! What are the layers of the pericardial sac from most external to internal?

Pericardial mediastinal pleura --> fibrous pericardium --> parietal serous pericardium -->visceral serous pericardium --> heart

600

What nerve innervates the cranial muscles of the brachium?

a. Axillary n.

b. Musculocutaneous n. 

c. Radial n.

d. Median n.

e. Ulnar n.

a. Axillary n.

b. Musculocutaneous n.

c. Radial n.

d. Median n.

e. Ulnar n.