Blood
What is the function of platelets?
Blood clot formation.
What causes a myocardial infarction?
Blockage of a coronary artery (coronary circulation)
Name the 2 functions of the lymphatic system.
Immunity and maintenance of fluid balance.
How many lobes do the lungs have?
Right lung - 3. Left lung - 2.
What are the functions of the upper and lower esophageal sphincters?
Upper prevents air from entering the tube, lower prevents the backflow of stomach acid into the tube.
Which blood type is the universal donor?
O negative.
Where would you palpate the femoral pulse (femoral vein)?
Groin.
Name the 3 types of tonsils.
Palatine, Pharyngeal & Lingual
During gas exchange in the lungs at the alveoli which gas moves from the lungs into the blood capillaries?
Oxygen
Name the 4 divisions of the stomach.
Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus
When would a blood incompatibility reaction occur.
When donor blood antigens match the receivers' antibodies.
Name the 3 layers of blood vessels and identify which prevents the vessel from bursting.
Tunica externa, Tunica Media, Tunica Intima.
Tunica externa prevents from bursting. Tunica media responsible for dilation/constriction. Tunica intima forms valves in veins.
What is the function of lymph nodes?
Filter bacteria & other abnormal cells out of lymph through biological filtration.
The structure that acts as a door- preventing food from entering the trachea.
Epiglottis
What is the difference between peristalsis and segmentation?
Peristalsis- rhythmic movement that moves food bolus/chyme along the digestive tract. Segmentation mixes chyme with digestive enzymes within one area of the alimentary canal (no movement along tract).
What is the main role of white blood cells?
Defense/immunity.
What are systemic, pulmonary and hepatic portal circulation?
Systemic- Flow of oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and back.
Pulmonary - flow of deoxygenated blood to the lungs and then back to the heart.
Hepatic -The route of blood flow from the digestive organs to the liver.
What type of immunity is vaccination?
Artificial Active
What happens to oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the body when someone is hyperventilating?
CO2 lowers. O2 rises.
Which structure secretes bile, which structure stores/concentrates it, and what does bile help breakdown?
Secretes - Liver.
Stores - Gallbladder
Breaks down - Fats
When would an Rh incompatibility reaction occur?
When Rh positive blood is introduced into an Rh-negative patient.
Name 4 things that affect blood pressure.
Blood volume, strength of heart contractions, heartrate, blood viscosity, resistance to blood flow.
Where do immature T-Lymphocytes mature?
Thymus gland.
What happens to the chest cavity during inspiration?
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract making the thoracic cavity larger. Pressure inside decreases pulling air into the lungs causing them to inflate.
This is made by the stomach to protect B12 from being destroyed by gastric juices, allowing it to move into the duodenum for absorption.
Intrinsic factor