Circulatory System: Blood
What are the 3 cellular components of blood?
Red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium
Blood flows through a continuous network of blood vessels that forms a double circuit made up of which two types of circulation?
Pulmonary and systemic
what type of cells destroy cancer cells and cells infected with viruses or other pathogens?
Natural killer cells
Substances in food that the body uses as building blocks to make new cells and tissues, to make chemical compounds needed for metabolism, and as the energy source needed to run the body.
Nutrients
Plasma proteins are divided into what 3 groups?
albumins, globulins, fibrinogen
What is the name of the wall that separates the left and right atria?
Which two types of arteries supply the brain?
Carotid arteries, vertebral arteries. (two of each)
Signaling molecules that regulate interactions between cells in both innate and specific adaptive immune responses
Cytokines
Four main steps of processing food
Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Elimination
Red blood cells produce and package what? This is a red pigment that transports oxygen.
Hemoglobin
What is the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle called?
Tricuspid valve
Three principle function of the lymphatic system:
2. Defends the body against disease by launching immune responses
3. Absorbs lipids from the intestine and transports them to the blood
The lungs are large spongy organs covered with pleural membranes. The _____ covers the lungs and the ______ lines the thoracic cavity.
Visceral, parietal
Wall of digestive tract consists of what four layers?
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, connective tissue (adventitia above diaphragm, serosa or visceral peritoneum below diaphragm)
Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone _______ ?
Erythropoietin
What heart disease is the leading cause of death in the united states?
Coronary artery disease
Blood from the intestine drains into the?
Hepatic portal vein
Diaphragm, intercostal muscles
three main types of salivary glands
parotid, submandibular, sublingual
What type of blood has no antibodies?
Type AB
Starting from the right atrium, what path does the blood take through the cardiovascular system?
right atrium->tricuspid valve->right ventricle->semilunar pulmonary valve->pulmonary artery------>lungs->pulmonary vein->left atrium->bicuspid valve->left ventricle->semilunar aortic valve->aorta--> through the body->superior vena cava->right atirum
Resistance to blood flow caused by the viscosity of blood and the wall of the blood vessel
Peripheral resistance
the rate of respiration is mainly determined by?
cabon dioxide concentration
The function of the gallbladder is to :