Respiratory/Circulatory
What structure is responsible for gas exchange?
Alevoli
Which organs are responsible for filtering blood?
The kidneys and liver
What is homeostasis?
The body's effort to maintain a stable internal environment.
What are the components of the central nervous system?
The brain and spinal cord
What are the three types of muscles? Are they under voluntary and involuntary control?
Smooth--involuntary
Cardiac--involuntary
Skeltetal--Voluntary
Which direction to arteries carry blood?
Is the blood they carry oxygen rich or oxygen poor?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart
Arteries usually carry oxygen rich blood.
What are the two types of digestion that occur? Give an example of each!
Chemical :
--Amylase in saliva chemically breaks down carbs
--Enzymes/Acid in stomach chemically break down food.
Mechanical
--Chewing in the mouth physically breaks down food into smaller pieces.
--Muscles contract in the stomach contract to squeeze food and physically break it down.
When a person is running a race their breathing and heart rate increase--how is this an example of homeostasis?
Running requires more energy. To get this stable amount of energy you body needs to do more cellular respiration. For that to happen we must take in more oxygen, as oxygen is a reactant for cellular respiration.
What are the 4 main parts of a neuron?
Dendrite, Cell Body, Axon, Axon Terminal
What is the function of bone marrow?
Bone marrow produces blood cells to help maintain homeostasis.
Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen?
Red Blood Cells
What is the path that food takes through the digestive system?
Mouth-->Pharynx-->Esophagus-->Stomach-->Small Intestine-->Large Intestine
Which of the following is the best example of homeostasis?
A) Heart rate increases when you exercise
B) The chest cavity expands when the diaphragm contracts
C) The bicep contracts as the tricep relaxes
D)Digestive enzymes are released when you eat.
A) Heart rate increases when you exercise
What is the job of sensory neurons?
What is the job of motor neurons?
Sensory--to collect information and send it to the brain.
Motor--to receive signals from the brain and carry out a response.
Half!
(in humans thats 23 chromosomes per parent to make 46 total)
What is the correct pathway for oxygen to reach your circulatory system?
Nose/Mouth-->Pharynx-->Larynx-->Trachea -->Bronchus-->Lungs-->Bronchioles-->Alveoli
What are the importance of villi?
They increase surface area, absorb nutrients in the small intestine, connect the circulatory system (which carries things throughout the body) to the digestive system with capillaries.
What mechanism does your body use to communicate and maintain homeostasis?
Feedback Loops (negative and positive)
What would happen in the spinal cord was severed?
You brain could not send messages to the rest of your body--you would not be able to walk.
What are the four types of joints? Give an example for each one!
Ball and Socket--Shoulder/Hip
Pivot--Spine
Fixed--Skull
Hinge--Knee/Elbow
How are the circulatory and respiratory systems connected?
The respiratory system takes in oxygen and the circulatory system moves it throughout the body to the areas that need it.
What are the small, functional units within Kidneys?
Nephrons!
Give one example of how your body maintains homeostasis when it comes to body temperature?
Shivering--muscle contractions move blood throughout the body to keep you warm
Goose Bumps--body hair raises up to keep a layer of warm air near the skin
Numbness in Finger--blood moves to the center of the body to keep the most important organs warm.
Sweating--letting out water cools of skin as it evaporates.
What is the name for the part of your nervous system that is made up of sensory and motor neurons?
The Peripheral Nervous System
How many bones are there in an adult human?
206