Anatomy SI, Skeletal System

Mineral Storage

100

The solid ECM is made from:

crystallized calcium and phosphates

200

This mineral is used heavily in the brain & muscles:

calcium

300

In this calcium condition, bone cells called osteoclasts & osteocytes are stimulated to release calcium from bone tissue. 

hypocalcemic

400

this happens when the bones does not make enough matrix:

osteoporosis (results in fragile bones) (caused by age/hormonal change)

500

this occurs when the bone is mlaformed:

osteomalacia 

ex: Rickets in children, caused by inadequate absorption of calcium. 

Bone categories

100

the type of bones tht includes femur, hemorus, radius, fibula, etc:

long bones

200

The type of bone that includes tarsals and carpals: 

short bones

300

The type of bone that includes ribs and sternum

flat bones

400

The type of bone that includes mandible, maxilla, sacrum, coccyx:

irregular

500

The type of bone that includes patella, hallux, & pollex:

sesamoid bones

Bone Structure

100

The cavity(s) with red marrow:

epiphyses, metaphyses

200

The cavity with yellow marrow:

diaphysis

300

Each long bone has ALL of these:

2 epiphyses

2 metaphyses

1 diaphysis

cortex

medullary cavity

400

Cortex vs medulla:

cortex: outer

medulla: inner (middle)

500

one major difference in the MARROW of these areas of a bone: 

metaphyses, epiphyses, diaphysis

metaphyses & epiphyses: red bone marrow!

diaphysis: yellow marrow

Long Bone: Cortex

100

outer layer of dense irregular connective tissue and inner layer containing bone cells: 

-osteoprogenitors

-osteoblasts

periosteum

(protects all bones)

200

This is located where bones form joints

articular cartilage

300

made from 3 lamellations, and principally supported by structures called osteons:

compact bone

400

the location that ostocytes occupy within the lamellations: (inside compact bone):

lacunae

(they "live in lacunae houses"... has canals that glucose can get thro to get to cells)

500

lines the INNER surface of compact bone & spongy bone:

endosteum

(endo is key part of word)

Random

100

the cells included in endosteum:

osteoprogenitors

osteoblasts

osteoclasts

200

the cells inside the lacunae:

osteocytes

300

the cells included in periosteum:

osteoprogenitors,

osteoblasts

400

the principle effectors of bone remodeling:

osteocytes

500

the function of these cells:

osteoprogenitors:

osteoclasts: 

osteoblasts: 

- "stem cell" of the bone, can initiate remodeling by osteoclasts or osteoblasts. 

-cells that break down the bone. 

-cells that build up bone.