Skin Basics
This layer of skin is thicker on the palms and soles.
What is thick skin?
The bottom layer of the epidermis where stem cells divide.
What is stratum basale?
Fine fetal hair that is shed before birth.
What is lanugo?
The shaft of a long bone.
What is diaphysis?
Freely movable joints are called this.
What is diarthrosis?
One main function of the skin that protects against water loss.
What is water retention?
This epidermal layer is only found in thick skin and is clear.
What is stratum lucidum?
Sweat gland that secretes watery sweat all over the body.
What is merocrine (eccrine)?
The structural unit of compact bone containing concentric lamellae and a central canal.
What is an osteon?
Joint type that allows rotation around a single axis (like turning your head).
What is a pivot joint?
Skin pigment produced by melanocytes.
What is melanin?
Cells in the dermis that produce collagen and fibers.
What are fibroblasts?
Oil gland that secretes sebum onto hair follicles.
What is sebaceous gland?
Bone cells that detect strain and live in lacunae.
What are osteocytes?
Circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
What is circumduction? (circum=circle)
This layer under the dermis contains fat and connective tissue.
What is the hypodermis/subcutaneous layer?
The dermal projections that interlock with epidermal ridges.
What are dermal papillae?
This type of sweat gland develops during puberty and is found in the groin and axilla.
What is apocrine gland?
Large, multinucleated bone cells that dissolve bone tissue.
What are osteoclasts?
Tightness of this structure can limit the range of motion of a joint.
What is the joint capsule?
Name two forms of melanin and which skin tones they are most associated with.
What is eumelanin (brown/black, dark skin) and pheomelanin (red/yellow, light skin)?
Name the two dermis layers and which one is deeper.
Papillary layer (superficial) and reticular layer (deeper).
Earwax is produced by this gland.
What is the ceruminous gland?
Spongy bone is made of these lattice-like structures.
What are trabeculae?
Name two types of biaxial synovial joints.
What are saddle joints and condyloid (ellipsoid) joints?