Anatomy spring exam 1

Anterior thigh/Knee

100

this procedure is performed to relieve pressure d/t compartment syndrome in the thigh

fasciotomy

200

this movement is difficult with a Quadriceps Tendon Rupture

knee/leg extension

300

this test 

-determines the stability of the ACL

-hip flexed 45 degrees, knee flexed 90 degrees with examiner sitting on foot

-examiner uses both hands to pull tibia anteriorly

-positive if the Tibia is easily displaced anteriorly

Drawer test for ACL

400

this test 

-determines the stability of the ACL

-knee is placed at 20-30 degrees (put a towel under leg)

-examiner stabilizes femur with one hand and pulls the tibia anteriorly with other hand

-positive if the Tibia is easily displaced anteriorly

Lachmann test for ACL

500

these 6 symptoms are known as the "6 P's of Compartment syndrome"

pulselessness

poikilothermia

pallor

pain

paralysis

parasthesia

hip

100

these 5 muscles make up the adductor compartment

adductor longus

adductor magnus

adductor brevis

pectineus

gracillis

200

the ischium contains these 4 main points

superior ischial ramus

inferior ischial ramus

ischial tuberosity

ischial body

300

before reaching its distal attachment (the lesser trochanter of the femur),  the iliopsoas muscle (made of psoas major, psoas minor, and iliacus) runs over the ______ and under the _______

superior pubic ramus

inguinal ligament

400

these three structures are considered "suprapiriform" (run through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis)

superior gluteal vein, artery, nerve

500

these 6 muscles are known as the "hip rotator muscles"

piriformis

obturator externus

obturator internus

superior gemellus

inferior gemellus

quadratus femoris

Gluteal and posterior thigh

100

it is considered a hip fracture if it occurs between the femoral head and no more than 5cm distal to this structure

lesser trochanter

200

this type of bone has a high surface area which allows for high metabolic activity

cancellous bone

300

this type of bone 

-is highly dense

-bears majority of weight

-creates protective barrior

-surrounded by nutrient rich "periosteum"

cortical bone

400

this ligament prevents hyperextension of the hip joint

iliofemoral ligament

500

these four muscles are known as the hip extensor muscles

semitendinosus

semimembranosis

biceps femoris

gluteus maximus

nerves

100

injury to the sciatic nerve or this nerve will result in loss of sensation between the first and second toes

deep peroneal nerve

200

this nerve is blocked when anaesthetic is injected into the adductor canal during knee replacement surgery

saphenous nerve

300

the sciatic nerve splits into these two nerves

tibial nerve

common peroneal nerve (common fibular nerve)

400

the femoral nerve turns into this nerve which terminates on the medial aspect of the foot

Saphenous nerve

500

match the nerve with the thigh compartment it supplies

anterior           obturator nerve

medial             femoral nerve

posterior          sciatic nerve

anterior = femoral nerve

medial = obturator nerve

posterior = sciatic nerve

arteries and ankles

100

the femoral artery splits into these two arteries

____ (deep)

____ (superficial and becomes the popliteal)

Profunda  artery

superficial femoral artery

200

the popliteal artery divides into these two arteries

anterior tibial artery

posterior tibial artery

***

femoral

to superficial femoral 

to popliteal 

to ant/posterior tibial arteries

300

external rotation of the ankle will result in this injury

high ankle sprain

400

inversion of the ankle will result in this injury

low ankle sprain

500

the base of the popliteus muscle is an important landmark for which two arteries

anterior tibial artery

tibioperoneal trunk (splits into fibular artery and posterior tibial artery)