General Brachial Plexus
The upper subscapular, thoracodorsal, lower subscapular, axillary, and radial nerve come off this cord.
What is the posterior cord?
Loss of shoulder abduction, and weakened shoulder lateral rotation indicate loss of this nerve.
What is the axillary nerve?
(Deltoid, teres minor)
This injury will present as "claw hand" (the proximal phalanges are hyperextended, and the middle and distal phalanges are in extreme flexion)
What is loss of the intrinsic muscles due to ulnar nerve damage?
What is saturday night palsy?
The compression of (9tendons 1 nerve) in the tunnel formed by the transverse carpal ligament and the carpal bones.
Median nerve
Flexor digitorum superficialis (4)
Flexor digitorum profundus (4)
Flexor Policis longus
The long thoracic nerve comes off these roots
What are C5,C6,C7
Loss of elbow flexion, and weakened supination indicates injury to this nerve
What is the musculocutaneous n?
(coracobrachialis, biceps, brachialis)
This nerve includes all the wrist & hand extensors
What is the Radial n
Loss of wrist extension, and weakened ability to release objects resulting from a high radial nerve injury such as a mid-humeral fracture
What is wrist drop?
What are the lateral and medial cords?
Loss of elbow, wrist, finger and thumb extension indicates injury to this nerve.
What is the radial nerve?
(triceps, anconeus, brachioradialis, supinator, wrist, finger and thumb extensors and abductors)
These 2 nerves contribute to DIP,PIP, and MCP flexion of the 1st-4th finger
What are the median & ulnar nerve (median 1-2, ulnar 3-4)
What is cubital tunnel syndrome?
A group of disorders that occur when the nerves of the BP and/or subclavian artery and vein become compressed in the thoracic outlet.
What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
This nerve comes off of the superior trunk
-Loss of forearm pronation
-Loss of thumb opposition, flexion, and abduction (ape hand), weakened wrist flexors (radial side), weakened wrist radial deviation.
-Weakened 2nd & 3rd finger flexion (pope's benediction)
What is the median nerve?
(pronators, wrist and finger flexors on radial side, most thumb muscles, 1st & 2nd lumbrical)
Loss of this nerve would result in a loss of thumb opposition and inability to pronate
An injury at what nerve and at what level results in the loss of thumb opposition which presents as "ape hand"
What is the median nerve, at the wrist/thenar level?
An injury that can occur following a stretch or compression from a blow to the head
What is burner/stinger syndrome?
What is the lateral pectoral n?
Injury to this nerve presents as
-Loss of wrist ulnar deviation
Weakened wrist, finger flexion
Loss of thumb adduction
Loss of most intrinsic's (claw hand)
What is ulnar nerve?
(flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus-*medial half, interossei, 3rd & 4th lumbricals, and muscles of the 5th finger)
Injury to this nerve would result in loss of thumb adduction, loss of most intrinsics, and loss of ulnar deviation.
What is the ulnar nerve?
Inability to flex the thumb, index, and middle finger presenting as "the pope's blessing" occurs due to a median nerve injury at this location.
Traction injury to a baby's upper BP (often from difficult child birth) presents with a "tip hand"
What is erb's palsy?