Biology Basics
Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
a) Lipids
b) Carbohydrates
c) Proteins
d) Nucleic acids
d) Nucleic Acids
Which organelle makes proteins?
a) Smooth ER
b) Rough ER
c) Lysosome
d) Nucleus
b) Rough ER
In osmoregulation, when blood becomes too concentrated, the body releases:
a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
d) Estrogen
c) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which directional term means “toward the midline of the body”?
a) Lateral
b) Medial
c) Distal
d) Proximal
b) Medial
Which statement defines “deep”?
a) Close to the body surface
b) Toward the head
c) Away from the body surface
d) Toward the midline
c) Away from the body surface
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
a) Made of cells
b) Respond to stimuli
c) Can photosynthesize
d) Contain DNA or RNA
c) Can photosynthesize
Which organelle packages and ships proteins?
a) Rough ER
b) Smooth ER
c) Golgi apparatus
d) Lysosome
c) Golgi Apparatus
Which type of feedback loop amplifies the original stimulus?
a) Positive feedback
b) Negative feedback
c) Neutral feedback
d) Chemical feedback
a) Positive feedback
Which system provides structure, support, and protection for the body?
a) Muscular
b) Skeletal
c) Nervous
d) Integumentary
b) Skeletal
The membrane that covers the internal organs in the ventral cavity is the:
a) Cutaneous membrane
b) Parietal serosa
c) Visceral serosa
d) Meninges
c) Visceral Serosa
The most basic structural and functional unit of life is the:
a) Organelle
b) Tissue
c) Cell
d) Protein
c) Cell
Mitochondria produce energy in the form of:
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) ATP
d) Glucose
c) ATP
Which organ acts as the control center for thermoregulation?
a) Pancreas
b) Heart
c) Hypothalamus
d) Kidney
c) Hypothalamus
The diaphragm belongs to which system?
a) Cardiovascular
b) Muscular
c) Respiratory
d) Digestive
c) Respiratory
The urinary system helps regulate:
a) Digestion
b) Blood pressure
c) Temperature
d) Breathing rate
b) Blood Pressure
Which phase of the cell cycle produces two identical daughter cells?
a) Interphase
b) Mitosis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Differentiation
b) Mitosis
Lysosomes can perform programmed cell death (apoptosis).
a) True
b) False
c) Only in plants
d) Only in bacteria
a) True
Which type of chemical signal affects only the same cell that releases it?
a) Autocrine
b) Paracrine
c) Juxtacrine
d) Endocrine
a) Autocrine
Which cavity contains the brain?
a) Thoracic
b) Cranial
c) Abdominal
d) Pelvic
b) Cranial
The mucous membrane is the only dry membrane in the body.
a) True
b) False
c) Only in the lungs
d) Only in the heart
b) False
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by:
a) Increasing activation energy
b) Lowering activation energy
c) Increasing temperature
d) Binding to any substrate
b) Lowering activation energy
The phospholipid bilayer is made of:
a) Hydrophobic heads & hydrophilic tails
b) Hydrophilic heads & hydrophobic tails
c) Protein heads & carbohydrate tails
d) None of the above
b) Hydrophilic heads & Hydrophobic tails
Which of the following is an example of active transport?
a) Simple diffusion
b) Osmosis
c) Sodium–potassium pump
d) Facilitated diffusion
c) Sodium-potassium pump
A plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections is:
a) Sagittal
b) Transverse
c) Frontal
d) Coronal
c) Frontal or Coronal
Synovial cavities are located:
a) In the thoracic cavity
b) Within joints
c) In the abdominal cavity
d) Inside blood vessels
b) Within joints