Social Roles
From top to bottom, what was the order of the social roles in Ancient Athens?
Citizens, Metics, Slaves
What are the three branches of government in order?
Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, Judicial Branch
Fairness, Equality, Representation, Justice
What is an aristocrat?
A wealthy person from a powerful family who had a lot of land and influence.
What is the difference between direct democracy and representative democracy?
Direct: Each person votes and discusses issues first hand
Representative: One person is voted to represent a group of people
What were the characteristics of the slaves?
(Name Three)
No rights or political power. They worked for others and had to obey their masters. Could not own land.
Where did citizens meet to discuss important issues and laws 40 times a year?
Pynx Hill
What is 2 ways equality was represented in Ancient Athens?
All male citizens were able to have a fair trial.
Public officials and leaders were also accountable for their actions.
What is the difference between the navy and the army?
Navy: Fighting troops on the water
Army: Fighting troops on the land
When did democracy begin in Ancient Athens?
508 BCE
What were the characteristics of the citizens?
(Name Four)
Full rights, including voting and holding office.
They had the responsibility to defend Athens and participate in government.
Could own land.
Male over 18 years of age.
What were the requirements to be part of the Council of 500?
AND
How did they choose the 500 men?
You had to be a male citizen and over 30 years of age.
AND
They chose 50 men from each of the 10 tribes through lottery.
What is 2 ways fairness was represented in Ancient Athens?
Ostracism
Public ability to see law documents
All citizens could be a part of any of the 3 branches of government
What is the difference between civil cases and criminal cases?
Civil cases: arguments, disputes etc.
Criminal cases: serious crimes, ex. murder
Why did democracy start in Ancient Athens?
Athens was originally ruled by Kings and aristocrats. The people had no say in government (authoritarian rule).
This caused unfairness and frustration.
What were the characteristics of the Metics?
(Name Three)
No voting rights, could live and work in Athens, had to pay taxes, could own property, had to contribute to the economy
Explain in detail how the judicial branch functioned.
They were the courts to prove guilty and not guilty. Accusers and Defendents had to represent themselves to the 200-500 judges. The decision was made by voting using pebbles.
What is 2 ways representation was demonstrated in Ancient Athens?
Citizens represented themselves in assembly and in the courts.
Officials were chosen via lottery.
Any citizen could speak and vote.
What is oligarchy?
A power structure where a small group of people control a country. Example: Thirty Tyrants
What were three challenges of Athenian democracy?
time-consuming, mandatory participation, limited participation
What were the characteristics of Athenian-born women? (Name Three)
Not considered citizens, couldn’t participate in government, couldn't vote, could influence citizens, could own property
What are the Greek terms used for the Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, and Judicial Branch?
Ekklesia, Boule, Dikasteria
How are the fundamental principles in Ancient Athens similar to fundamental principles in today's society?
Citizens have a say in government, the justice system is used to prevent bias and ensure fair trial, every citizen is treated the same through the charter of rights and freedoms
What is the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League?
Delian: A group of city-states led by Athens that joined together and protect each other from Persia
Peloponnesian: An alliance of city-states led by Sparta that was formed to support each other in wars and oppose the growth of Athens
How does modern democracy resemble Athenian democracy?
(Provide three answers)
Majority rule, secret ballots, debates, term limits, work full-time