Mesopotamia
What was one of the Kingdoms we looked at in Mesopotamia?
Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, Akkad
What River was vital in the establishment of Egypt as a Civilization?
The Nile River
Who were the two brothers that were involved in the origin story of Rome?
Romulus and Remus
Which two countries were the Punic Wars between?
Rome and Carthage
NO NOTES: Which Egyptian Pharaoh was involved in the downfall of Rome?
Cleopatra
What does the term "Mesopotamia" translate to?
"Area between Two Rivers"
What was the Ancient Egyptian writing style called? what did it use?
What were the Three Eras of Roman History?
Regal Period (Kingdom)
Roman Republic
Roman Empire
Which territory was the First Punic War fought over?
Sicily
We discussed 9 key components for any Civilization, name 4 of them
Development of Writing
Access to Fresh Water/Fertile Soil
Large Cities
Hierarchy
Government Structure
Defense
Specialized Jobs
Trade
Economic System
How was Hammurabi's Code different from other legal codes?
First set of laws that gave rights to people accused of crimes; also set limits on punishments
What was the title of the Ruler of Egypt; What was the government style called?
Pharaoh; Theocratic Monarchy
What were the Geographic benefits Rome had? (List 3)
Surrounded by water (provided protection and trade outlets)
Volcanic Soil made growing very easy
Rome had many hills which provided protection
Protected by Alps and Appennine Mountains
What was Rome's major disadvantage to start this conflict
They did not have a good Navy and didn't have any warships. Carthage had a very skilled Navy.
What is an Aristocracy? How was the Roman Republic considered to be one?
A type of government in which a group of rich and powerful people rule the country
The Senate was only made up of Rich and Powerful men
NO NOTES: what is the region near Mesopotamia that has been referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization"?
Fertile Crescent
List three Responsibilities of the Pharaoh
Defend Egypt from foreign invasion
Collect Taxes
Make Laws
High Priest
Command Army
Handle Legal disputes
Father of Land
Judge
NO NOTES: What were the two main social classes in Roman Society?
Patricians (Rich, Noble) and Plebeians (Poor-middle class)
Who were the key Generals during the Second Punic War?
Carthage: Hannibal Barca
Rome: Publius Scipio
Describe the three parts of the Roman Republic Government structure?
Consuls:Chief executive officers elected every two years; Ran the government and led the army (Had veto power over senate)
Senate:300 elected Patricians; Served for life and oversaw the government
People's Assembly:elected Consuls and Senate met to make and discuss laws
Give me 8 of the 16 inventions we looked at that Mesopotamians are credited with.
Wheel, Board Games, Laws, Literature, Plow, Ziggurat, Lunar Calendar, Empire, Writing, Cylinder Seal, Base-60 System, Musical Instruments, Irrigation, Bronze, Sailboat, Chariot
Temperamental Nile River (flooding/drought)
Lack of Resources (Bronze v. Iron)
Expensive Military/Weakened Military
Economic Disparity
What is a Triumvirate? Who became leader of Rome after the first one and after the second one?
A Triumvirate is a government lead by three people of equal power.
Julius Caesar became dictator after the first one, Octavian (Augustus) became leader after the second
What 3 things did the Romans do to Carthage when they won the third Punic War?
Sold survivors to slavery
burned/destroyed every building
Salted the soil
NO NOTES: Provide me with three main reasons for why Rome fell and explain how these reasons led to the fall.
Formation of Christianity
Population Decline
Border Control/Rome too big
Lack of stable leadership
Struggling Economy
Foreign Soldiers
Constant invasion