Vocabulary
Capital
Early humans were constantly moving from place to place in search of new food sources. This lifestyle is known as being "____"
Nomadic
The first civilization to flourish in Mesopotamia. It was made up of city-states (small independent countries) and it was eventually conquered by the Akkadians.
Sumer
The earliest humans to migrate to America arrived from _____
Asia
very large structures built by a society; often built to honor the power of the society's rulers or gods
Monument
("Monumental Architecture")
What new discovery allowed humans to finally settle into permament locations?
Agriculture / Farming
King Sargon created the world’s first empire. The _____________ developed their own language. Artists carved relief sculptures on stones.
The Akkadian Empire
One of the most influential Central American civilizations was located along the Gulf of Mexico. Like many large, complex societies, the _____ had more social classes than the smaller hunting and gathering communities. They appear to have grown rich from trade. They honored their rulers by building large statues of their heads.
Olmec
hieroglyphs
an early form of writing based on symbols
How did Agriculture allow early civilizations to grow and prosper?
*You can now grow enough food to support a larger group of people, with much less effort
*People can focus on other skills besides just hunting and gathering
King Hammurabi created a code of laws that applied to everyone in the empire. Agriculture and trade thrived under his rule.
The Babylonian Empire
This civilization seems to have borrowed many features from the Olmec. It built pyramids and developed writing based on hieroglyphs. The ______ mastered astronomy. They created a calendar that guided the year. They were also skilled engineers. This can be seen from their irrigation and salt-producing systems.
Maya
a large territory in which several groups of people are ruled by a single leader or government
Empire
The ability to control the water supply by moving or storing water for your crops
Irrigation
The __________ honored their powerful kings with palaces and huge sculptures. They built some of the earliest aqueducts.
The Assyrian Empire
The importance of this civilization has only recently been discovered. ________ is much older than originally estimated. It may have been a trading center. The pyramids and amphitheaters they left behind required great technical skill. They also required the labor of thousands to build.
Caral
the way a region or country uses resources to produce and sell or trade goods and services to meet people's needs and wants
Economy
How did these irrigation channels bring different villages to work together, allowing them to grow and form into much larger cities
Maintaining and cleaning the irrigation channels required cooperation among villages (The channels would get clogged, one clog could block the entire channel for everyone else)
King Nebuchadnezzar restored the splendor of King Hammurabi’s time. His Hanging Gardens of Babylon became famous in the ancient world.
The Neo-Babylonian Empire
This civilization stretched across North America. It was made up of several independent groups. These societies each had their own leadership and governing structures, but they shared several cultural similarities. They lived from large-scale agriculture and trade.
Mississippian