Geography
The longest mountain range in South America.
What are the Andes Mountains?
Farmers in the ancient Latin American civilizations belonged to this social class.
What is the lowest class?
Crop that is rich in nutrition and adaptable to a variety of environments.
What are potatoes
The Mayan's greatest achievement.
What is the calendar?
The worship of many gods.
What is polytheism?
The area of what is now Central America and Mexico was called this.
What is Mesoamerica?
Originated in central Mexico and was domesticated 7,000-9,000 years ago from a wild grass
What is maize (corn)?
Maize, potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava, tomatoes, peanuts, manioc, cacao, peppers beans, and squashes.
What are American food crops totally unknown outside of the Americas before the Exchange?
This was key to the Aztecs' rise to power.
What is war?
Thought by the Mayans to keep the gods happy.
What is blood?
One of the largest cities in the world and is rich in Mexican culture.
What is Mexico City?
Grew food on floating gardens called chinampas.
Who were the Aztecs?
Animals that adapted very quickly to New World grasslands and their population exploded.
What are cattle, horses, and pigs?
This civilization created the largest pre-Columbian empire in the Americas
What is the Inca?
Competition and war between the cities, rebellion against kings' demands, droughts, farmers planting the same crop over and over which wore out the soil.
What are factors that may have contributed to the decline of the Maya civilization?
The capital city of the Aztecs.
What is Tenochtitlan?
Official language of the Inca, still used today.
What is Quechua.
Created a nuisance or were harmful when brought to the New World by the Europeans (both deliberately and accidently)
Tobacco, weeds, diseases, pigs (tusked European swine - an aggressive omnivore)
Civilization that created massive monuments, including colossal stone heads
Who were the Olmecs?
The first civilization to develop in Latin America and it influenced later cultures.
Who were the Olmec?
The famous Incan city built in the Andes Mountains.
What is Machu Picchu?
They led the conquistadors in the defeat of the Aztecs and the Inca.
Who are Hernan Cortes (Aztec) and Francisco Pizarro (Inca)?
Identified in the article "Seeds of Change" there were five biological exchanges Columbus initiated that were singularly powerful agents of change.
What are corn, potato, sugar, the horse, and disease?(Do not have to name all five.)
These helped the Spanish achieve the defeat of the Aztecs.
Guns and horses. And smallpox.
Believed by the Aztecs to keep the gods happy.
What is human sacrifice?