Geography
What is a delta?
an area where a river fans out into various branches as it flows into a body of water
What purpose did pyramids serve in Egyptian culture?
They were tombs for the pharaohs
These chief officials did the day-to-day work of the pharaohs
Viziers
What is papyrus and how was it used?
Paper made from reeds
Used by scribes to make scrolls
What are hieroglyphs and how did Egyptians use them?
Pictures that could combine to form words and sentences
Name TWO conditions allowed agriculture to develop in ancient Egypt?
Predictable flooding
Fertile soil
Warm climate
Why did the Egyptians fill their tombs with many items and who was the god in charge of preparing the dead for the afterlife?
Egyptians believed they were needed in the afterlife
Anubis
Lasting 66 years this person's reign was one of the longest in Egyptian history.
Ramses II
What is the "golden ratio" and how is it used?
A mathematical formula that Egyptian architects used to find pleasing proportions for structures like pyramids and temples
Name two key religious practices/ beliefs of the Egyptians.
Egyptians were polytheistic (believed in many gods)
Encouraged to live good lives to enter the after-life
Bodies were mummified
Where was Egypt located? What protected the Egyptians from invaders?
In Northeast Africa
There were natural barriers like deserts, mountains, and waterfalls
Why did Egyptian doctors have a detailed understanding of human anatomy?
What documents were kept by the scribes?
Government records, medical records, literary works
What did Egyptians contribute to the area of astronomy?
365- day calendar
12-month years
Name 2 characteristics of the Middle Kingdom
Period of peace and prosperity
Increased military power
Trade and agriculture expanded
Building of monuments
What was unique about the Nile River?
How did Egyptians prepare bodies for burial?
They embalmed and mummified them.
Who was Hatshepsut and what was the most significant part of her reign?
Earliest known female pharaoh
Fought wars to expand the empire and trade
Funded building projects
What did Egyptians contribute to the area of mathematics?
Principles of geometry
Fractions
How did rulers from Kush continue classical Egyptian traditions?
They constructed pyramids and worshiped Egyptian gods
Who was the first pharaoh to unite upper and lower Egypt?
Menes (Narmer)
Explain 2 reasons the discovery of King Tut's tomb was significant.
-First of its kind to be discovered intact
-Tomb contained incredible treasures
- The contents of his tomb taught us much about life in ancient Egypt
Name 3 powers held by pharaohs in ancient Egypt.
-Complete authority over the government over the government
-Power over the life and death of all Egyptians
- Believed to be living gods
What was the importance of the Rosetta Stone?
Allowed people to translate hieroglyphics and understand them.
Whose death caused Egypt's power to be weakened?
Give an example of how it was weakened.
Ramses II death
Fighting between members of the ruling dynasty
Invasions of the Sea Peoples
Conquests by foreign powers such as Persians, Greeks, and Romans