GRAPES
What does GRAPES stand for?
Geography, Religion, Achievements, Political, Economic, Social
In what region of Egypt would you find the Nile Delta, pyramids, and where the Hyksos invaded?
Northern Egypt (Lower Egypt)
How did the Nile River help Egypt rise into a civilization?
It provided water, fertile land, food, and transportation
What type of Golden Age did the Middle Kingdom experience?
Cultural and economic growth
How did Ahmose become pharaoh?
He defeated the Hyksos and reunited Egypt
What physical features protected Egypt?
Deserts and the Nile River
A wheeled vehicle used in war and moved by horses
chariots
Who was in charge of Egypt’s central government?
The pharaoh
Who were the Hyksos?
Foreign invaders who ruled parts of Egypt
Name one reason Hatshepsut was unique.
She was a female pharaoh or ruled peacefully
Why was the pharaoh important?
He was both a ruler and a god
How did Egypt eventually lose power over time?
Foreign invasions, weak leadership, and division
Why is the Old Kingdom called the “Age of Pyramids”?
Most pyramids were built during this period
What happened to the Hyksos after their defeat?
They were driven out of Egypt
Name a second reason Hatshepsut was unique.
She dressed like a man or focused on trade instead of war
Why were scribes powerful?
They could read and write
What caused Egypt to enter the Second Intermediate Period?
Loss of unity and foreign invasions
What are reasons Egypt would decline and fall into an Intermediate Period?
Weak leaders, division, rebellion, or invasion
What type of Golden Age did the New Kingdom experience?
Military expansion and empire building
Why can historians learn so much from King Tut’s tomb?
It was found mostly intact with many artifacts
Why was the Nile important economically?
It helped farming and trade
What is a surplus?
Extra food or goods beyond what is needed
What are features of a Golden Age?
Peace, stability, strong leadership, and cultural achievements
Why did military success help Egypt during the New Kingdom?
It expanded territory and increased wealth
Ramses II was a warrior, but why are his records unreliable?
They exaggerated his victories for propaganda