Geography
What nickname did Greek historian Herodotus give Egypt?
"The Gift of the Nile"
All organs were removed from the body except the __________
This man became the first Pharaoh of Egypt
Narmer
Scribes attended special schools to memorize how many symbols and characters?
Over 700
What happened to Tut after he died, but before he was rediscovered in 1922?
Egypt and history had forgotten him
Another sign that Egypt was weakening was that they stopped building these
Pyramids
Identify 2 ways which the ancient Egyptians used the Nile River for
1. Provided drinking water. 2. Allowed for transportation by boat. 3. Fertilized crops meant for farming with silt
What were TWO things Egyptians made from papyrus?
Sandals, paper, boats, baskets, and more
After Hatshepsut died, what did later pharaohs try to do to her legacy?
For being a powerful influential woman, they attempted to erase her name from history but were unsuccessful
Egypt became ruled by Greeks for almost 300 years following Alexander the Great becoming pharaoh
Why were King Tut and many other Egyptians buried with items?
Egyptians believed the dead could take these items with them into the afterlife and would need them there
When fighting invaders, Egypt’s military was less impressive because, they relied on these too much
Natural Barriers
Why is Upper Egypt found in the south and Lower Egypt found in the north?
Upper Egypt gets its name from where the Nile BEGINS. Lower Egypt is where the Nile ENDS
What is one benefit from writing on papyrus versus writing on stone?
Papyrus is paper, much lighter than stone. Easier to carry.
Pharaohs were the head of both these two major parts of Egyptian life
Religious (seen as living gods) and Political
What major event led to the Egyptian system of writing to be lost?
The Roman conquest of Egypt
At what age did King Tut become pharaoh, and how old was he when he died?
Became Pharaoh at 9 and died at 19
Which old rivalry returned and caused Egyptians to become divided and weakened?
Upper VS Lower Kingdom
Name 2 natural barriers that protected Egypt.
1. Surrounded by desert on all sides. 2. The Nile Delta. 3. The Nile River itself flowing upward. 4. Mountains to the south
Could anyone be mummified? Why or why not?
No, only rich and powerful people could afford mummification
Identify one accomplishment of Hatshepsut while Pharaoh
Why was the Rosetta Stone created in the first place?
It as created to honor the Pharaoh Ptolemy V
What made King Tut's discovery so special compared to every other Egyptian tomb?
Unlike other tombs that were robbed and emptied long ago, King Tut’s tomb was discovered untouched, with hundreds of objects still buried with him
Identify 2 groups who conquered/rule over ancient Egypt
Greeks, Mesopotamians (Persians/Assyrians), and Romans
How were the floods of Egypt and Mesopotamia different?
Mesopotamia’s floods were unpredictable and destructive. Egypt’s floods were predicable and celebrated with festivals
Why did the ancient Egyptians believe a proper burial was necessary?
Without a proper burial, Egyptians believed souls couldn’t depart to the afterlife
Identify and explain TWO ways Narmer united Egypt
1. Conquered both Upper and Lower Egypt. 2. Combined the Red and White Crowns as a symbolic meaning for unity. 3. Built a new capital city of Memphis where the government moved to
Why did having Greek on the Rosetta Stone help historians figure out hieroglyphics?
Because historians already understood Greek, they could compare the Greek text to the hieroglyphics. Since all three sections said the same thing (same meaning), they used the Greek part to figure out what the hieroglyphics meant
Identify 2 reasons why some historians feel King Tut does not deserve his fame as the "most famous Egyptian"
1. Tut ruled young and only for short time 2. His discovery with all his items was accidental. 3. He has become a big part of popular culture
How did the changes in the Nile River affect Egypt?
When the Nile’s path changed, it became much harder for Egyptians to grow food. This caused hunger, disease, and even death