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100
Who is at the very top of the social pyramid?
Pharaoh
100
Name the 3 kingdoms & give a description of each
Old (peaceful), Middle (improvement), New (war, expansion)
100
How did the Egyptians know when the Nile would flood?
They studied the stars?
100
What rights did women have in Ancient Egypt?
Own property Run businesses Enter into legal contracts
100
What group is at the bottom of the social pyramid?
Peasants
200
Why did Egyptians use mummification? How long did it take? what organ was left in the body?
Mummification: Artificially preserving the bodies before burial When it returned, spirit can recognize the body b/c it was preserved - 2-3 months, removed organs, filled with salt, after 40 days bandaged - the heart
200
Who is part of the small upper class?
Priests, nobles, & members of Pharaoh’s court
200
Where was the capital during each kingdom?
Memphis (old), Thebes (middle), then Memphis again (new)
200
What is the Rosetta Stone?
3 types of writing (Hieroglyphics, demotic [Egyptian script], Greek)
200
Why were people buried with clothes, food, and other items?
Soul cannot survive w/out food, clothing, other items (buried with them)
300
What happened at the end of the Middle Kingdom?
Weaker and less able rulers followed – lose control to foreign invaders
300
What are Hieroglyphics? What was it written on?
Picture like symbols - Papyrus: Early form of paper (reeds)
300
How many dynasties did Ancient Egypt have?
31
300
How long is the Nile River?
4,000 miles
300
What happened at the end of the Old Kingdom?
governors in provinces challenged power of the pharaohs
400
What contributions did the Egyptians bring to math?
add, subtract, multiply, divide, fraction
400
What is the afterlife?
Life After Death
400
Who was known as the "he/she" king, and brought great peace & economic success, encouraged trade
Hatshepsut
400
Who is part of the middle class?
Merchants & skilled workers
400
What happened at the end of the New Kingdom?
Falls to Alexander the Great of Macedonia – Cleopatra last Macedonian ruler of Egypt
500
What was the Black Land?
Dark soil left by the floods Livable
500
Where is Upper & Lower Egypt? What are the 3 seasons?
Upper Egypt: South Lower Egypt: North (towards the Med. Sea) 3 seasons: Akmet: Flood Peret: Planting Shemut: Harvest
500
What was the Red Land?
Vast desert, not friendly to human life, useless for farming
500
Who was considered a slave?
Prisoners of war or Israelites?
500
What protected Ancient Egypt from foreign attacks
Hot sands protected Ancient Egypt from foreign attacks