Geography
Define the words "peninsula" and use it to describe Greece's geography.
A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. Present day Greece is part of the Balkan Peninsula.
What was the agora used for in ancient Greek society? (2 uses)
It was an open air market and a political center.
Describe the location of Sparta and Athens.
Sparta was inland on Peloponnesus; Athens is on the coast.
Who lead Athens during their Golden Age?
Pericles
Name the largest island in Greece.
Crete
About how many islands make up the nation of Greece.
About 2,000
What was the acropolis used for in ancient Greek society?
It was used for protection during enemy attacks and as a center of religion.
What lead Sparta and Athens to join forces for the first time?
A common enemy: Persia
Name and describe the three types of Greek columns.
Doric: plain
Ionic: scrolls
Corinthian: ornate and fancy
What caused the plague in Athens?
Athenians from the countryside fled to the city for protection during the Peloponnesian Wars. The overcrowding in Athens lead to disease.
Mountains cover most of mainland Greece. How did the mountains affect the country's development?
The mountains kept the people of Greece from uniting under one government, because they made inland trade and travel difficult.
Why were the Olympics originally created?
To honor Zeus
How did each city-state contribute to the Persian Wars?
Athens had a strong navy and defended the coasts of Greece. Sparta lead the charge on land with their well-trained foot soldiers.
Describe three unique features of ancient Greek theater.
Theater was a competitive, all-day, outdoor event. Only men were allowed on stage, so men played female roles. Actors wore masks to represent different characters and emotions.
How did Alexander the Great die?
Malaria
How did the dry climate and rocky soil of Greece impact Greek agriculture? (2 main areas)
The ancient Greeks adapted by raising animals, like sheep, goats and pigs because they did not need large areas for grazing. They also planted suitable crops, such as olives, which gave them olive oil for cooking, bathing, and lamps, and grapes, which they used to make wine.
Describe the difference between a myth and a legend. Name an example of each.
Myth: Stories about how the gods and goddesses affected the lives of people, explain natural events (Athena, Poseidon, etc.)
Legend: Stories handed down from earlier times that explain the past and have an element of truth to them (Trojan War)
On what did each city-state base their economy? What factors lead to this difference/made this possible for each city-state?
Athens depended on trade, because they had a well developed port and could travel easily by sea. Sparta depended laregly on agriculture because they had better soil and could grow crops more easily than other areas of Greece.
Name the three most famous, Greek philosophers and describe their relationship to one another.
Socrates taught Plato, who taught Aristotle.
What is Hellesnism and who is responsible for spreading it?
The fusian of Greek and Asian culture; Alexander the Great
What are harbors? How did they impact the development of Greek society?
Harbors are sheltered areas of deep water near the shore. The harbors helped create a culture of sailors, fishers, and traders. They traveled from one coastal village to another to trade. The sea also connected them to other civilizations in the Mediterranean, allowing them to exchange ideas and religious beliefs.
Describe the four stages of Greek government.
Monarchy: one ruler, power in inherited
Oligarchy: several people share power
Tyrant: one ruler, power taken by force
Democracy: citizeans share power
What was the Delian League? What deal lead to its formation?
Sparta, Athens and many other city-states agreeing to work together until Persia was defeated once and for all. Athens would protect the coast in exchange for ships and money from the other city-states in the League.
Identify which field of study each of the following Greek thinkers contributed to: Pythagoras, Hippocrates, and Democritus.
Pythagoras: Math
Hippocrates: Science/medicine
Democritus: Science/chemistry
Name at least three regions/countries Alexander the Great conquered.
Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, India