Government
What is the type of government that has one ruler called?
Monarchy
Greece is on the continent of ___________________.
Europe.
Name the three famous philosophers of Ancient Greece.
Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.
What is the Greek word for city state?
Polis
Why did Alexander the Great bow down to Shimon Hatzaddik?
He recognized him as the man who would appear to him in a dream and predict his success every night before he had a battle.
Who did not have voting rights in Ancient Greece? Two groups of people.
Women and slaves.
What is a peninsula?
Land surrounded by water on three sides.
Who was Homer? What did he do?
A famous poet who wrote epic poems about the Trojan War (the Iliad and the Odyssey)
Name the two gathering places in each city state.
The agora was the marketplace, and the acropolis was a high, flat hill where they gathered to discuss politics.
What happened when king Ptolemy II wanted to add the Torah to his grand library?
He gathered 72 chachamim and put them into separate rooms and told them to write the Torah out in Greek. Hashem made a miracle and they each wrote the exact same thing, with the same changes.
Who could be a citizen in Athens? What about in Sparta?
Athens: male, free, own property, parents from Athens
Sparta: male, free, own land, ancestors from original Spartans
Two results of the mountainous topography of Greece.
1. There was very little fertile land.
2. The city states developed independently
Who wrote the Hippocratic Oath and what is it?
Hippocrates. It is an oath that doctors make, promising to uphold ethical standards in their work.
Describe the values of Sparta and Athens, respectively.
Athens: education, beauty, democracy
How did "Alexander" become a Jewish name?
Alexander wanted to place a golden statue of himself in the Beis Hamikdash. That is not allowed, so instead Shimon Hatzaddik told him that to honor him every boy born to the kohanim in the next year would be named after him.
A type of government where a small group of rich people make all the decisions.
An oligarchy
How far was it from Marathon to Athens? What happened there?
Alexander the Great was the son of Philip the II, he was born in Macedonia, and was 20 years old when he became king.
1. When someone else attacked them. (like Persia)
2. The Olympics
How did the misyavnim get the position of kohel gadol?
They bribed Antiochus and he made them in charge.
Describe the difference between a direct democracy and a representative democracy. Which one did Athens have, and what do we have in the US today?
Direct democracy: everyone has the right to vote - every single person votes.
Representative democracy: everyone chooses people to represent them, and make choices for them.
Athens had a direct democracy, and today we have a representative democracy.
Greece became a center of trade - where and why?
Who was Pericles?
He was a leader of Athens during their golden age.
The city states were separate because _____________. What did all the city states have in common?
Separate because they had different rulers. They all spoke Greek.
What were the names of Matisyahu's five sons?
Elazar, Yehuda, Shimon, Yochanon and Yonason.