Geography & Periods
Where was ancient greece located?
Southern Balkan Peninsula, Eastern Mediterranean Islands, and the Coast of Asia Minor
Where did the Minoan civilization develop?
Crete
What new political structure emerged in the Archaic Period?
City-states or Poleis
Name a famous building from the Golden Age of Athens
The Parthenon.
What empire did Alexander the Great defeat?
The Persian Empire
What period followed the Dark Ages?
The Archaic Period (c. 700 – 480 BCE).
Where did the Mycenaeans live?
Mainland Greece in fortified cities
What was the early government system in many poleis?
Aristocracy (rule by wealthy families)
What was the result of the Battle of Marathon?
Athens defeated Persia
What marked the Hellenistic Period?
The spread of Greek culture across a large area.
Why was Ancient Greece not a unified country?
Mountains and seas separated areas, leading to independent governments.
What was a key contribution of the Mycenaeans to Greek culture?
Stories like the Trojan War
Name two famous poleis of Greece.
Athens and Sparta
What is Thermopylae famous for?
The bravery of 300 Spartans
How far did Alexander's empire stretch?
From Greece to Egypt and India
What defined the Dark Ages of Greece?
Decline in culture, loss of writing, fewer records
What was a famous Minoan palace?
Knossos
Name a major cultural event that started in the Archaic Period.
The Olympics in 776 BCE.
What caused the Peloponnesian War?
Tensions over Athens' dominance in Greece
Who was Alexander the Great's father?
Philip II of Macedon
What was significant about the Classical Period?
Flourishing art, democracy, and major wars like the Persian Wars.
What led to the fall of the Mycenaeans?
Invasions, internal conflict, or economic troubles
Why did Greeks colonize other areas?
Population growth made farmland scarce.
What was the result of the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta won, but Greece was left weak and divided.
Who conquered the Greek city-states after the Peloponnesian War?
Philip II of Macedon.