Geography of Greece
What is an archipelago?
A chain of islands
Who was Athens named after?
Athena, goddess of wisdom
What did Sparta value the most?
Strength, warfare, military values
Who did Rome defeat in the Punic Wars?
Carthage
What is hellenistic culture?
A blend of Greek, Indian, Persian, and Egyptian cultures spread by Alexander the Great
Which two seas did the Greeks use to trade with other cities and countries?
Mediterranean and Agean seas
Which type of government was originated in Athens?
Direct democracy
How old were Spartan boys when they were sent to start their military training?
7 years old
What type of government did the romans have?
Republic.
What type of culture did Alexander the Great spread to the places he conquered?
Hellenistic culture
How did Greece’s geography affect their society?
The mountainous terrain made it extremely difficult to unite or grow crops, in order to meet their needs they needed to rely on trading and imports
What was the final result of the Peloponnesian war?
Sparta defeated Athens and became the most powerful city state in Greece
What type of government did the Spartans have?
Monarchy with two kings
Name three geographical advantages of Rome:
fertile plain, near a river, Mediterranean climate
Who united Greece?
Phillip II
(Alexander's father)
What is an empire?
A group of cities or territories under the control of one ruler
Why did Athens create the Delian league?
What would happen to spartan babies that were found to be weak or have any defects at birth?
they would be left out to die
What was the purpose of the Romans establishing a republic as their government?
To prevent anyone from gaining too much power
What happened to Alexander's empire after his death?
The empire was divided among his generals who constantly fought over it. 10 years after his death the empire crumbled.
What were the only two crops that were able to grow due to Greece's rocky terrain?
Grapes and olives
Who led Athens into their golden age?
Pericles
What was the fighting formation the Spartans made famous?
Hint: it involved standing close together with shields and spears
Phalanx
Who gained absolute power in Rome after Julius Caesar's death?
Octavian Augustus
Name one famous city conquered by Alexander the Great?
Alexandria