People & Places
Who is called the "Father of History"?
Herodotus
How many Spartans fought at Thermopylae?
300
Which philosopher used the motto "know thyself"?
Socrates
Which writer is called the "Father of Tragedy"?
Aeschylus
Who ran from Marathon to Athens and is famous for dying after the run?
Phillipides
Who led the Greeks at Thermopylae?
King Leonidas
What happened to Socrates?
He was sentenced to death.
What type of plays did Aristophanes write?
Comedies
Which city-state became most powerful after the Persian Wars?
Athens
Why is Thermopylae considered a "glorious defeat"?
The Spartans delayed the Persians, allowing other Greeks to retreat.
Who was a student of Socrates and later founded the Academy?
Plato
Which two epics did Homer write?
The Iliad and The Odyssey
Who tutored Alexander the Great?
Aristotle
Name two factors that helped the Greeks win at Salamis.
Greek ships were smaller and more maneuverable; the narrow Salamis Bay favored smaller ships. (Other acceptable: Persian ships were damaged; Greek strategy)
In The Republic, Plato described three classes in society; name two of them.
Workers and rulers (also soldiers and philosophers)
How often were the ancient Olympic Games held?
Every 4 years
Define "oracle" and give one example of how Greeks used oracles.
(HARD)
An oracle is a site or priest who spoke for the gods; Greeks consulted oracles (like Delphi) for guidance on important decisions and predictions.
Compare the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War in one sentence (who fought and a major outcome).
The Persian Wars were between Greek city-states (mainly Athens/Sparta) and Persia and ended with Greek victory protecting independence; the Peloponnesian War was between Athens and Sparta and ended with Spartan victory weakening Greek city-states.
Explain one way Greek ideas about government or philosophy influenced later societies (1–2 sentences).
Greek ideas like democracy (from Athens) and philosophical inquiry (Socrates/Plato/Aristotle) influenced later political systems and Western thought by promoting civic participation and rational debate.
Buildings and structures were created using Greek columns.
Pick a Greek god or goddess and list: their domain, a family relationship to another god, and one symbol (3 short bullets).
Example:
Zeus — domain: king of the gods, sky and thunder