Key terms and people
A body of land surrounded by water on 3 sides
peninsula
who is Homer?
3 seas that border Greece
Ionian, Mediterranean, Aegean
the art and practice of government
politics
democracy
government run by the people
Reason trade was possible for the Greeks
surrounded by seas on 3 side
what is the upper part of the city called?
acropolis
monarchy
government run by a king or queen; passed on to oldest son or closest male relative
definition of estates
plots of land
tyranny
government run by one powerful ruler who took over by force
a person's rank or position in society
status
oligarchy
government controlled by a few wealthy people
how Greece's mountains and seas caused people to use the sea to obtain resources
for trading and fishing
Identify the 4 social classes in Ancient Greece. Describe the responsibilities and characteristics of each class.
- aristocrats: dominated the govt; wealthy from owning large estates; participated in government
- small farmers: some owned land and others rented the land; could vote
- merchants/artisans: tradesmen and craftsworkers
- slaves: owned by other people as property
Name and describe the 4 types of government
- democracy: government ruled by the people; people vote on the leaders
- monarchy: government ruled by king or queen; rule passes onto oldest son or closest male relative
- oligarchy: government ruled by a few wealthy people
- tyranny: government ruled by one strong person who took over by force
definition of tenant farmers
people who pay rent to farm another person's land
Features of a polis
- group decision making
- built in 2 levels (acropolis and lower part of city)
Describe Greece's geography. How did its geography affect the way the Greeks lived?
- mountainous and rocky
- good for grazing animals and bad for farming
- surrounded by seas on 3 sides (counted on trade and fishing)
- mountains separated city-states, so it was hard to unite Greece
Describe at least 3 ways that Athens and Sparta were different
- Athens was a democracy and Sparta was an oligarchy
- Athens values art and learning and Sparta values military strength
- Athens economy is based on trade and tourism and Sparta economy is based on farming and conquering
- Athenian women and slaves could not be citizens and slaves did most of the farming; Spartan women were equal to men, and slaves are not treated well