Spartan Style
What was the main focus of Spartan society?
Military
When did Athenian boys become adults and begin to participate in government?
18
What did the Athenian messenger from Marathon yell before he died?
“Victory!”
Who are Hellenes?
Greeks
What is a polis?
Greek city-state
Where did the first major civilization in Europe develop?
Greece
Spartan men served in the military until what age?
60
What group was not allowed to attend school in Athens?
Women
What two poleis led the defense against the Persian Empire?
Athens and Sparta
What is the word for a government where the people vote for representatives to make laws?
Democratic republic
What replaced barter in ancient Greece?
coins
How were most Greek slaves obtained?
Prisoners of war
Who did Sparta ally with to defeat Athens?
Persia
Who could be a member of the Athenian Assembly?
All male Athenian citizens
What did Athens do that caused King Darius of Persia to attack Greece?
Support a rebellion against Persia
What is a government where the citizens run the government?
Democracy
Who was allowed to be a full citizen of a polis?
Land-owning men
What left Greece weak and allowed Macedon to conquer the rest of Greece?
Constant war
Why did Spartan leaders fear change?
They believed change could lead to helot revolt
What killed a third of the Athenian population during the stalemate in the Peloponnesian War?
Plague
How did the Persian Empire make travel easier?
Roads
What is a government where multiple wealthy people rule?
Oligarchy
Why were Athenian council members chosen by lottery?
Believed an election would favor the rich
Greeks had responsibilities to their polis, including serving in government and _____________
Fighting in wars
How was a Spartan woman’s life different from most ancient women’s?
More rights/freedom
Able to leave the house without an escort
could own property, conduct business
Educated and trained in sports and combat
What was a right that Athenian men had that Athenian women did not?
Own property, defend self in court, travel alone, buy/sell property
What allowed the Greek city-states to defeat the much larger Persian Empire?
Cooperation
What name did Spartans use for their slave laborers?
helots
Whose alphabet did the Hellenes adopt for their language?
Phoenicians
Why were coins an easier way to trade than barter?
Everyone can use money
Coins don't go bad or need feeding