Geography/Early Greeks
What are two of the main geographical features of Greece?
mild climate, large mountains, little agriculture, and surrounded by water
What type of religion did the Greeks believe?
polytheistic
What was the most cherished form of entertainment in ancient Greece?
theatre, plays
Who were the three main Greek philosophers?
Aristotle, Socrates, Plato
Who was constantly fighting the Greeks?
The Persians
What is a peninsula?
What is a body of land surrounded by water on three sides
Name 5 of the 12 Olympians?
Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Apollo, Aphrodite, Hermes, Artemis, Athena, Ares, Demeter, Hephaestus, Hestia
What are the three types of Greek columns?
Doric, ionic, Corinthian
Who was the best leader of Athens?
Pericles
What two city states hated each other and constantly fought each other?
Athens and Sparta
Why did the Greeks have a hard time uniting together?
The mountain and seas divided them from each other
Name two ways the Greeks honored the gods?
statues, temples, special events, holy festivals, Olympics
What famous sporting event was invited by the Greeks?
The Olympics
He wanted to change the balance between rich and poor. Everyone is equal before the law.
Describe the roles of men and women in ancient Athens.
Men had all the power, participated in direct democracy, very educated
Women had to stay home and cook, clean, take care of children and couldn't leave the house without without a male
Who were the FIRST to build Greek kingdoms?
The Mycenaeans
What is an agora?
a marketplace
What is the temple of Athena called?
The Parthenon
How did Socrates believe you lived a happy life? How did he die?
By leading a good moral life NOT owning material things. He was forced on trial for going against the gods and given a poison to drink.
Describe the roles of men and women in Sparta.
Women-own land, protect the city, fought, educated
Men-fierce warriors, war/fighting was life
How are the Mycenaeans and Minoans similar?
made their wealth through trade, build ships, originally not from Greece
What was the highest point of a city-state called?
an acropolis
What type of architecture was a city-state dedicated to?
temples
What two leagues were created to protect city-states against the Persians? What did each of the league represent?
Delian-Athens, paid taxes to protect against Persians
Peloponnesus-Sparta, protected Sparta only
How did the ancient Greeks fall out of power?
Constantly fighting each other in the Peloponnesian wars weakened both sides of the Greeks (Athens and Sparta). Many people died, farms destroyed, economy weakened. Athens lost, Sparta took over for a bit. Finally Alexander the Great took over from Macedonia. Once Alexander died and the generals took control, Rome conquered and took over.