CH 10
Who were the helots?
enslaved people owned by the city-states. They worked the land and had to turn over one half of their crops to the aristocrats.
Who was allowed to compete in the Olympic Games?
Only men were allowed to compete. Women were not even allowed to watch.
What is the definition of hostage?
A person held by an enemy until certain promises are carried out.
What is a Polis?
The City-state. The geographical and political center of Greek life
This is the half man, half bull that lives in the labyrinth on the island of Crete.
The Minotaur
At what age did Spartan boys start military training?
7 years old
Which Greek god was honored at the Olympic Games?
Zeus
What was Philip II's destiny, according to his own beliefs?
To unify the Greek city-states and spread Greek culture
What is the agora?
an open area at the foot of the acropolis used as a marketplace
The name for the civilization of people that lived on mainland Greece
Mycenaeans
What were the 2 greatest city-states?
Athens and Sparta
What were tragedies?
Tragedies were stories about suffering that dealt with the past and relationships between people and gods.
Who was Alexander's teacher, and what subjects did he study?
Aristotle taught him literature, political science, geography, and biology.
A maze-like structure with many twists and turns. The minotaur lives here
Labyrinth
The name for the civilization of people who lived on the island of Crete
Minoans
Who won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta won the Peloponnesian War. It ended in 404 B.C. when Athens surrendered to Sparta.
Who was Aristotle's most famous student?
Alexander the Great (the son of King Philip II)
List THREE ways that Greek culture spread and influenced people during the Hellenistic Age.
Greek language was spoken, Greek architecture was copied, students studied Greek literature, people used Greek furniture, Greek plays became popular entertainment, business people used Greek banking methods.
Nobles who took over the Spartan government around 800 B.C.
The aristocrats
What is the tallest mountain in Greece?
Mount Olympus
How did Spartan women differ from women in other Greek city-states?
Spartan women had more freedom. They mixed freely with men and enjoyed sports such as wrestling and racing. Women in other city-states stayed at home, did not go out without a chaperone, and never spoke to men on the street.
What five events made up the pentathlon?
Run, jump, discus throw, wrestle, javelin
Describe the phalanx formation. Why was it so effective in battle?
Foot soldiers formed a solid body 16 rows deep with overlapping shields. It was effective because the shields gave added protection and charging as a group gave more striking power.
What is a constitution?
Set of principles and rules for governing
How did Greece's physical geography (land) help contribute to the establishment of city-states?
Mountains separated the city-states. Made it hard to travel to different city-states. It naturally divided the land.