Historical Figures
What did Socrates make/do?
Socratic method(question and answering to create critical thinking skills), thinking for yourself, taught Plato, question why things are
What type of education did Athenians value?
The arts(reading, writing, math, lit., sports, music, etc.)
Architectural achievements & mathematical achievements
architectural: pillars, acoustic theater design
mathematical: LCD, geometry, integers, proportions, prime numbers, pythagorean theorem
Define polis
Greek city-state
Define Zeus
king of the gods/god of the skies
Why is Plato important?
Started the Academy, wrote The Republic and believed in gender equality
Womens rights in Athens and Sparta
Athens: they raised children and took care of the house
Sparta: They did the same but also learned government systems and owned land
Athletic contests to honor the gods in Olympia, played track & field, wrestling, boxing, etc.
Define helot
spartan slave
Who was Hippocrates and how was he important?
Hippocrates was the greatest Greek doctor and he was important because he influenced modern medicine and made the Hippocratic Oath.
Similarities between Athens and Sparta
Women had little rights, had temples of gods, same religion/language, slavery, polis is identity
What are comedies and tragedies
Comedies: play to make audience laugh :)
Tragedy: play with unhappy events :(
Define Athena
Goddess of wisdom and war
Define Homer
greatest Greek poet, wrote Iliad and Odyssey
Achievements of Aristotle
Formal logic, animal classification, zoology, scientific method, wrote Politics, taught Alexander the Great
Differences between Sparta and Athens
Sparta Athens
Valued military/discipline Valued education, arts, and civic duty
Honored Ares Honored Athena
Army Navy
Used iron bars as money Used coins as money
Oligarchy/military monarchy Direct democracy
What is an agora?
Define Hoplites
Armed foot soldiers
Define Hades
god of the underworld
How did Phillip II and Alexander the Great help spread greek culture?
They did because Phillip II unified Greece and Alexander the Great helped spread it East, all the way to India
What were the outcomes of the Persian and Peloponnesian War?
Persian War: Greece won, city states unified in order to win, Sparta thought that those city states were an empire, so Sparta attacked
Peloponnesian War: Sparta won, both Athens and Sparta were weakened, allowing Phillip II to conquer.
Representative vs direct
DEMOCRACY
Direct: people vote immediately on laws and decisions
Define oligarchy.
Where a small group of ELITE people control a larger group of people
Define euphor
mystical leaders of sparta