This event began when Sparta declared war against Athens.
What is the Peloponnesian War?
100
This "great" person built an empire that stretched from Italy to India.
Who is Alexander?
100
This leader ruled Athens for most of the Athenian Golden Age.
Who is Pericles?
100
This scientist correctly valued pi and invented a number of simple machines.
Who is Archimedes?
100
This military formation was used to great effect by Greek and Macedonian hoplites against the Persians (and others).
What is the phalanx?
200
At this famous battle Greek forces of 7000 Greeks (and 300 Spartans) held off an overwhelming Persian force for five days.
What is Thermopylae?
200
This Persian king was the first to expand the Persian empire; he was the first conqueror to be respectful to local (conquered) cultures.
Who is Cyrus?
200
This Athenian was responsible for writing the first democratic codes for Athens.
Who is Solon?
200
This astronomer correctly placed the sun at the center of the solar system.
Who is Ptolemy?
200
This alliance was instituted as a way to ensure mutual protection from another Persian invasion, but Athens mostly used the funds for self-improvement.
What is the Delian League?
300
This great naval battle destroyed the Persian fleet when Athenian warships annihilated the Persian navy in a very narrow channel.
What is Salamis?
300
This great Persian organizer is responsible for the standardized currency, a network of paved roads, and the use of local governors to more efficiently run the Persian empire.
Who is Darius?
300
This famous philosopher was notoriously ugly and annoying, especially to the elder citizens of Athens. He was ultimately executed for his outspoken ways.
Who is Socrates?
300
This astronomer correctly estimated the Earth's circumference.
Who is Eratosthenes?
300
What is the correct term for a Greek city-state?
What is "polis?"
400
Athen's ill-fated invasion of this island ultimately destroyed their precious navy and army, and ultimately Athens had to surrender to Spartan forces (after nine more years).
What is Sicily/Syracuse?
400
This Persian's death caused rebellions to erupt throughout the Persian empire.
Who is Cambyses?
400
This early Athenian was the first to offer Athenian citizens a voice in government because, before his time, Athens was ruled by tyrants.
Who is Kleistenes?
400
This famous mathematician wrote the well-known book Elements, which is the basis for modern geometry.
Who is Euclid?
500
This battle, Alexander's final victory against the Persians, forced the retreat of Darius III's army and ultimately gained Macedonia victory over Persia.
What is Gaugamela?
500
This Persian was a prophet and religious reformer.
Who is Zoroaster?
500
This famous Athenian convinced Athenians to abandon Athens for a nearby island during the Persian War; he also invested heavily in the trireme.
Who is Themisticles?
500
This astronomer correctly estimated the size of the sun.
Who is Aristarchus?
500
This group preserved and spread aspects of Minoan culture (before the Greeks). These were also the people described in Homer's great epic poems The Iliad and The Odyssey.